Antunes Henedina, Costa-Pereira A, Cunha Isabel, Raposo Teresa, Garcia Mota, Beirão Igreja
Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital de São Marcos, Braga.
Acta Med Port. 2002 May-Jun;15(3):193-7.
Iron deficiency is the world most prevalent nutritional disorder.
To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in a population of infants with nine months of age, and the variation of this prevalence according to infants feeding regimes.
One hundred eighty eight infants with nine months of age were studied for anthropometry, socio-economic factors and feeding regime. Blood samples were taken for blood cell counts, serum ferritin, iron and transferrin. Infants were labelled anaemic if haemoglobin level was less than 110 g/L and with iron deficiency anaemia if, in addition, they had a ferritin value of less than 12 g/L.
The mean (standard deviation) values for haemoglobin were 111.8 g/L (9.1 g/L). Seventy-nine infants (42%) were anaemic. The prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia was 20%. Infants with iron deficiency anaemia were fed with iron fortified formula for 2.3 months in average in contrast with 3.8 months of those without iron deficiency anaemia (.005). Cereals fortified with iron were introduced in the nourishment of infants with iron deficiency anaemia at 4.3 months in average in contrast with 3.9 months among those without it (.009). The infants with iron deficiency anaemia were breast fed for 4.8 months in average in contrast with 3.7 months among those without it (.079). Age of the introduction of cow's milk, social class and Graffar, vitamin C supplementation and anthropometric parameters were not significantly associated with iron deficiency anaemia.
This study points information about which groups are more at risk of developing iron deficiency anaemia in infants but when this evidence is only based in feeding practices one can not completely separate infants with and without iron deficiency anaemia; therefore a universal screening seems an indispensable tool for identification of iron deficiency anaemia.
缺铁是世界上最普遍的营养失调症。
确定9月龄婴儿人群中铁缺乏性贫血的患病率，以及该患病率根据婴儿喂养方式的变化情况。
对188名9月龄婴儿进行人体测量、社会经济因素及喂养方式研究。采集血样进行血细胞计数、血清铁蛋白、铁及转铁蛋白检测。若血红蛋白水平低于110g/L，则标记为贫血；若此外铁蛋白值低于12g/L，则标记为铁缺乏性贫血。
血红蛋白的均值（标准差）为111.8g/L（9.1g/L）。79名婴儿（42%）贫血。铁缺乏性贫血的患病率为20%。铁缺乏性贫血婴儿平均食用铁强化配方奶粉2.3个月，而无铁缺乏性贫血的婴儿为3.8个月（P = 0.005）。铁强化谷物在铁缺乏性贫血婴儿的喂养中平均于4.3个月时引入，而无铁缺乏性贫血的婴儿为3.9个月（P = 0.009）。铁缺乏性贫血婴儿平均母乳喂养4.8个月，而无铁缺乏性贫血的婴儿为3.7个月（P = 0.079）。引入牛奶的年龄、社会阶层、格拉法、维生素C补充情况及人体测量参数与铁缺乏性贫血无显著关联。
本研究指出了哪些群体的婴儿更易患铁缺乏性贫血，但当此证据仅基于喂养方式时，无法完全区分有无铁缺乏性贫血的婴儿；因此，普遍筛查似乎是识别铁缺乏性贫血不可或缺的工具。
