Sherwood Gwen, Thomas Eric, Bennett Debora Simmons, Lewis Patricia
The University of Texas Health Science Center School of Nursing, Houston 77030, USA.
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2002 Dec;14(4):333-40. doi: 10.1016/s0899-5885(02)00020-5.
To create a safe health care system, providers must understand teamwork as a complementary relationship of interdependence. Continuing efforts to adopt the aviation model will enable health care providers to examine the role of human performance factors related to fatigue, leadership, and communication among all providers. The aviation model provides a basis for designing teamwork programs to reduce error and introduces human factor principles and key skills to be learned. Health care providers need explicit instruction in communication and teamwork rather than learning by trial and error, which can instill unintended values, attitudes, and behaviors. The growing research base continues to examine the problem of health care safety and to test the most effective team training approaches. What is the most effective pattern and timing of communication among providers? What system level changes are needed in the critical care area to improve communication through teamwork and thus create a safer health care system? What are potential points of error in the daily operation that could be alleviated through effective teamwork? Continuing to test the model will ultimately change patient safety.
为创建一个安全的医疗保健系统，医疗服务提供者必须将团队合作理解为一种相互依存的互补关系。持续努力采用航空模式将使医疗服务提供者能够审视与所有提供者的疲劳、领导力和沟通相关的人为绩效因素的作用。航空模式为设计减少错误的团队合作项目提供了基础，并引入了需要学习的人为因素原则和关键技能。医疗服务提供者需要在沟通和团队合作方面接受明确的指导，而不是通过反复试验来学习，反复试验可能会灌输意想不到的价值观、态度和行为。不断增加的研究基础继续审视医疗保健安全问题，并测试最有效的团队培训方法。提供者之间最有效的沟通模式和时机是什么？重症监护领域需要在系统层面做出哪些改变，以通过团队合作改善沟通，从而创建一个更安全的医疗保健系统？日常操作中哪些潜在的错误点可以通过有效的团队合作得到缓解？持续测试该模式最终将改变患者安全状况。
