Zhdanov R I, Kuvichkin V V, Shmyrina A S, Jdanov A R, Tverdislov V A
Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 10, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121, Moscow, Russia.
Bioelectrochemistry. 2002 Nov;58(1):41-6. doi: 10.1016/s1567-5394(02)00134-2.
The problems of the origin of primary cells and eukaryotic cells are discussed in terms of possible role of interactions between nucleic acids with lipid membrane according to corresponding original hypothesis. We propose that there are two main hypotheses of the origin of primary cells: (a). RNA appeared before proteins and DNA [Nature 213 (1967) 119]; (b). it is needed for the appearance of a primary cell, the volume closed by the lipid membrane. There was no information about the ways on how RNA appeared inside that volume for saving the reaction products around. Our hypothesis suggests that one of the starting points in the origination of primary cells was the interaction of nucleic acid and lipid membrane bubbles in the presence of metal (II) ions (which existed in high concentrations in prebiotic conditions), and this resulted in the enclosing of the pro-RNAs inside the lipid membrane. This hypothesis is formulated by us on the basis of experimental biochemical and biophysical studies of the DNA/RNA-phospholipid vesicles interactions in the presence of metal ions (II) fulfilled in the Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, RAMS, Moscow and Institute of Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino. Our belief is that DNA-membrane contacts (DNA-MCs) played an important role in the prokaryotes-to-eukaryotes transition. The model of the confluence of four prokaryotic cells may explain the prokaryotes-to-eukaryotes transition by the way of eukaryotic nuclear pore formation from prokaryotic Bayer' contacts. The main requirement for the following fusion of prokaryotic cells must be their mutual orientation. After possible association, the division of the formed cell is begun. The great advantage of the model of four prokaryotic cells is the profit in the metabolism and the possibility of the intensive growth of intercellular membrane structures.
根据相应的原始假设，从核酸与脂质膜之间相互作用的可能作用方面讨论了原细胞和真核细胞的起源问题。我们提出原细胞起源有两个主要假设：（a）RNA先于蛋白质和DNA出现[《自然》213（1967）119]；（b）原细胞的出现需要脂质膜封闭的体积。关于RNA如何在该体积内出现以保存周围反应产物的方式尚无信息。我们的假设表明，原细胞起源的一个起点是在金属（II）离子（在益生元条件下大量存在）存在下核酸与脂质膜泡的相互作用，这导致前体RNA被包裹在脂质膜内。这个假设是我们根据莫斯科俄罗斯医学科学院生物医学化学研究所和普希诺俄罗斯科学院生物物理研究所进行的在金属离子（II）存在下DNA/RNA - 磷脂囊泡相互作用的实验生化和生物物理研究而提出的。我们认为DNA - 膜接触（DNA - MCs）在原核生物向真核生物的转变中起重要作用。四个原核细胞融合的模型可以通过从原核生物的拜尔接触形成真核细胞核孔的方式来解释原核生物向真核生物的转变。原核细胞后续融合的主要要求必须是它们的相互取向。在可能的结合之后，开始形成的细胞的分裂。四个原核细胞模型的一大优势在于代谢方面的益处以及细胞内膜结构大量生长的可能性。
