Azouz E Michel
Department of Radiology (R-109), Jackson Memorial Medical Center, PO Box 016960, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2002 Aug;13(4):219-29. doi: 10.1097/00002142-200208000-00003.
A benign bone lesion may have a typical appearance on plain radiographs. This is the case with benign cortical defects and osteochondroma. With most other lesions, cross-sectional imaging is needed to complete the study of the tumor. The nidus of osteoid osteoma is well demonstrated on computed tomography, but magnetic resonance imaging also will show the nidus in most cases. Magnetic resonance imaging is considered the modality of choice for evaluation of other benign musculoskeletal lesions because it is highly sensitive to changes in the signal intensity of bone marrow and adjacent soft tissues. It provides useful information for diagnosis of the lesion as in primary or secondary aneurysmal bone cyst, chondroblastoma, osteoblastoma, fibrous dysplasia, and osteofibrous dysplasia, and it helps differentiate these lesions from osteomyelitis, Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, and stress fracture. Bone scanning is most useful for depicting multiple silent lesions as may be seen in multiple osteochondromatosis, nonossifying fibromas, and polyostotic fibrous dysplasia.
良性骨病变在X线平片上可能具有典型表现。良性皮质缺损和骨软骨瘤就是这种情况。对于大多数其他病变，需要进行横断面成像以完成对肿瘤的研究。骨样骨瘤的瘤巢在计算机断层扫描上显示良好，但在大多数情况下，磁共振成像也能显示瘤巢。磁共振成像被认为是评估其他良性肌肉骨骼病变的首选方式，因为它对骨髓和相邻软组织的信号强度变化高度敏感。它为原发性或继发性骨囊肿、软骨母细胞瘤、骨母细胞瘤、骨纤维异常增殖症和骨化性纤维瘤等病变的诊断提供有用信息，并且有助于将这些病变与骨髓炎、朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增多症和应力性骨折区分开来。骨扫描对于描绘多发性无症状病变最为有用，如在多发性骨软骨瘤病、非骨化性纤维瘤和多骨型骨纤维异常增殖症中所见。
