Spiehs M J, Whitney M H, Shurson G C
J Anim Sci. 2002 Oct;80(10):2639-45. doi: 10.2527/2002.80102639x.
A study was conducted to evaluate the nutrient content and variability of distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) originating from new (less than 5 yr old) ethanol plants in Minnesota and South Dakota. Ten plants (8 MN, 2 SD) participated in the study, submitting a total of 118 samples. Samples were collected every 2 mo from ten ethanol plants in the Minnesota-South Dakota (MNSD) region from 1997 to 1999 and were analyzed for amino acid levels, DM, CP, crude fiber, crude fat, ash, ADF, NDF, Ca, P, K, Mg, S, Na, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Fe analysis. Digestible energy (DE), ME, and NFE levels were also calculated. Means (dry-matter basis) and coefficients of variation for each nutrient among all plants during 1997 to 1999 were DM (88.9%, 1.7%), CP (30.2%, 6.4%), crude fat (10.9%, 7.8%), crude fiber (8.8%, 8.7%), ash (5.8%, 14.7%), NFE (45.5%, 6.1%), ADF (16.2%, 28.4%), NDF (42.1%, 14.3%), calculated DE (3,990 kcal/kg, 3.24%), calculated ME (3,749 kcal/kg, 3.28%), Arg (1.20%, 9.1%), His (0.76%, 7.8%), Ile (1.12%, 8.7%), Leu (3.55%, 6.4%), Lys (0.85%, 17.3%), Met (0.55%, 13.6%), Phe (1.47%, 6.6%), Thr (1.13%, 6.4%), Trp (0.25%, 6.7%), Val (1.50%, 7.2%), Ca (0.06%, 57.2%), and P (0.89%, 11.7%), respectively. Among the amino acids analyzed, Lys was the most variable (CV = 17.3%), followed by Met (CV = 13.6%). Nutrient levels of MNSD DDGS were higher in crude fat, NDF, DE, ME, P, Lys, Met, and Thr and lower for DM, ADF, and Ca than NRC (1998) values. Nutrient values differed between years for ash, DE, Mn, Zn, Cys (P < 0.10), Fat, TDN, ME, Met, Ile (P < 0.05), Ca, P, K, Mg, and Cu (P < 0.01). These results suggest that gross energy; P; and total Lys, Met, and Thr levels are higher in DDGS from MNSD ethanol plants compared to published values and chemical analysis values of a DDGS sample obtained from an older Midwestern plant.
开展了一项研究,以评估源自明尼苏达州和南达科他州新建(运营年限不足5年)乙醇工厂的干酒糟及其可溶物(DDGS)的营养成分和变异性。10家工厂(8家位于明尼苏达州,2家位于南达科他州)参与了该研究,共提交了118个样本。1997年至1999年期间,每隔2个月从明尼苏达州 - 南达科他州(MNSD)地区的10家乙醇工厂采集样本,并对其氨基酸水平、干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗纤维、粗脂肪、灰分、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤,纤维(NDF)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)、钾(K)、镁(Mg)、硫(S)、钠(Na)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)、铜(Cu)和铁(Fe)进行分析。还计算了消化能(DE)、代谢能(ME)和无氮,浸出物(NFE)水平,1,99,7年至,199,9年期间,所有工厂每种营养成分的均值(以干物质计)和变异系数分别为:DM(88.9%,1.7%)、CP(30.2%,6.4%)、粗脂肪(10.9%,7.8%)、粗纤维(8.8%,8.7%)、灰分(5.8%,14.7%)、NFE(45.5%,6.1%)、ADF(16.2%,28.4%)、NDF(42.1%,14.3%)、计算得到的DE(3990千卡/千克,3.24%)、计算得到的ME(3749千卡/千克,3.28%)、精氨酸(Arg,1.20%,9.1%)、组氨酸(His,0.76%,7.8%)、异亮氨酸(Ile,1.12%,8.7%)、亮氨酸(Leu,3.55%,6.4%)、赖氨酸(Lys,0.85%,17.3%)、蛋氨酸(Met,0.55%,13.6%)、苯丙氨酸(Phe,1.47%,6.6%)、苏氨酸(Thr,1.13%,6.4%)、色氨酸(Trp,0.25%,6.7%)、缬氨酸(Val,1.50%,7.2%)、Ca(0.06%,57.2%)和P(0.89%,11.7%)。在所分析的氨基酸中,Lys的变异性最大(变异系数=17.3%),其次是Met(变异系数=13.6%)。与美国国家研究委员会(NRC,1998)的值相比,MNSD地区DDGS的粗脂肪、NDF、DE、ME、P、Lys、Met和Thr的营养水平较高,而DM、ADF和Ca的营养水平较低。不同年份的灰分、DE、Mn、Zn、半胱氨酸(Cys,P<0.10)、脂肪、总可消化养分(TDN)、ME、Met、Ile(P<0.05)、Ca、P、K、Mg和Cu(P<0.01)的营养值存在差异。这些结果表明,与从中西部一家较老工厂获得的DDGS样本的已发表值和化学分析值相比,MNSD乙醇工厂的DDGS中的总能、P以及Lys、Met和Thr的总含量更高。