Patel Vimla L, Branch Timothy, Arocha Jose F
Department of Medical Informatics, Laboratory for Decision Making and Cognition, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, Columbia University, Vanderbilt Clinic-5, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Int J Med Inform. 2002 Nov 12;65(3):193-211. doi: 10.1016/s1386-5056(02)00045-x.
The purpose of this study is to investigate and characterize the errors in cognitive processes deployed in the comprehension of procedural texts found on pharmaceutical labels by subjects of different cultural and educational backgrounds. In this study, participants were asked to read and interpret three pharmaceutical labels related to children's medications of varying complexity: oral rehydration therapy (ORT); over-the-counter cough medicine; and over-the-counter fever medicine. Results indicate that: (1) all groups of participants had considerable difficulty in interpreting the instructions; (2), cultural and educational background appeared to be only weakly related to the accuracy of dosage and administration; and (3) errors of comprehension were related to three features of the texts: situation-representational complexity, inherent quantification complexity, and conformity with intuitive models of therapy based on prior knowledge. The results are discussed in terms of the role of multiple representations (boundary objects) and theories of text comprehension to facilitate the reduction of errors.
本研究的目的是调查和描述不同文化和教育背景的受试者在理解药品标签上的程序文本时所采用的认知过程中的错误。在本研究中，参与者被要求阅读并解读三个与不同复杂程度的儿童药物相关的药品标签：口服补液疗法（ORT）；非处方止咳药；以及非处方退烧药。结果表明：（1）所有参与者组在解读说明时都遇到了相当大的困难；（2）文化和教育背景似乎与剂量和给药的准确性仅有微弱关联；（3）理解错误与文本的三个特征有关：情境表征复杂性、内在量化复杂性以及与基于先验知识的直观治疗模型的一致性。我们将根据多重表征（边界对象）的作用和文本理解理论来讨论这些结果，以促进错误的减少。
