Boyce John M, Pittet Didier
Hospital of Saint Raphael, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
MMWR Recomm Rep. 2002 Oct 25;51(RR-16):1-45, quiz CE1-4.
The Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings provides health-care workers (HCWs) with a review of data regarding handwashing and hand antisepsis in health-care settings. In addition, it provides specific recommendations to promote improved hand-hygiene practices and reduce transmission ofpathogenic microorganisms to patients and personnel in health-care settings. This report reviews studies published since the 1985 CDC guideline (Garner JS, Favero MS. CDC guideline for handwashing and hospital environmental control, 1985. Infect Control 1986;7:231-43) and the 1995 APIC guideline (Larson EL, APIC Guidelines Committee. APIC guideline for handwashing and hand antisepsis in health care settings. Am J Infect Control 1995;23:251-69) were issued and provides an in-depth review of hand-hygiene practices of HCWs, levels of adherence of personnel to recommended handwashing practices, and factors adversely affecting adherence. New studies of the in vivo efficacy of alcohol-based hand rubs and the low incidence of dermatitis associated with their use are reviewed. Recent studies demonstrating the value of multidisciplinary hand-hygiene promotion programs and the potential role of alcohol-based hand rubs in improving hand-hygiene practices are summarized. Recommendations concerning related issues (e.g., the use of surgical hand antiseptics, hand lotions or creams, and wearing of artificial fingernails) are also included.
《医疗机构手卫生指南》为医护人员提供了有关医疗机构洗手和手部消毒的数据综述。此外，它还提供了具体建议，以促进改善手卫生习惯，并减少致病微生物在医疗机构中传播给患者和工作人员。本报告回顾了自1985年美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）指南（加纳·J·S、法韦罗·M·S。《CDC洗手与医院环境控制指南》，1985年。《感染控制》1986年；7：231 - 43）和1995年美国感染控制与流行病学专业人员协会（APIC）指南（拉尔森·E·L，APIC指南委员会。《APIC医疗机构洗手与手部消毒指南》。《美国感染控制杂志》1995年；23：251 - 69）发布以来发表的研究，并对手卫生习惯、人员对推荐洗手方法的依从水平以及对依从性产生不利影响的因素进行了深入综述。对酒精类擦手液的体内有效性及其使用相关的低皮炎发生率的新研究进行了回顾。总结了近期证明多学科手卫生促进项目价值以及酒精类擦手液在改善手卫生习惯方面潜在作用的研究。还包括了有关相关问题（如外科手消毒、护手霜或乳膏的使用以及人工指甲的佩戴）的建议。
