Hawthorne M, Sullivan K
University of Ulster, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland.
Int J Palliat Nurs. 2000 May;6(5):228-32. doi: 10.12968/ijpn.2000.6.5.8924.
This article examines the use of pilocarpine hydrochloride for radiation-induced xerostomia in patients with head and neck cancer. Four randomized controlled trials involving 401 patients met the authors' predefined inclusion criteria and were critically appraised. Three studies used topical pilocarpine as a mouthwash. Outcome measurements were both quantitative and qualitative. The studies reported statistically significant differences in favour of pilocarpine-stimulated treatment groups. Subjective improvements in feelings of oral dryness, speaking and chewing were reported in all studies. However, sample sizes varied and in all cases sampling methods were poorly defined. The pilocarpine doses tested produced side effects, but those reported were easily tolerated. The persistent findings of symptomatic improvement following pilocarpine use merit consideration, but there is insufficient evidence from these studies alone to generalize results to the wider population.
本文探讨了盐酸毛果芸香碱在头颈部癌患者放射性口干症治疗中的应用。四项涉及401名患者的随机对照试验符合作者预先设定的纳入标准，并进行了严格评估。三项研究使用局部毛果芸香碱作为漱口水。结果测量既有定量的也有定性的。研究报告称，毛果芸香碱刺激治疗组在统计学上有显著差异。所有研究均报告了口腔干燥、说话和咀嚼感觉的主观改善。然而，样本量各不相同，且在所有情况下抽样方法均定义不清。所测试的毛果芸香碱剂量产生了副作用，但报告的副作用易于耐受。使用毛果芸香碱后症状持续改善的结果值得考虑，但仅这些研究的证据不足以将结果推广到更广泛的人群。
