Berk Lawrence
Moffitt Cancer Center at Tampa General Hospital, Moffitt Cancer Center, Radiation Oncology, 2 Columbia Dr, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2008 Oct;4(10):1333-40. doi: 10.1517/17425255.4.10.1333.
Xerostomia is the feeling of dryness in the mouth, usually owing to hypofunctioning of the salivary glands. Causes of xerostomia include medications, the effects of radiation therapy on the salivary glands during the treatment of head and neck cancer or thyroid cancer, and autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome. The primary treatment to reduce xerostomia is oral pilocarpine.
This review discusses the randomized trials available on the efficacy and tolerability of oral pilocarpine for the treatment of xerostomia.
The randomized trials of pilocarpine for xerostomia available in the medical literature are reviewed.
RESULTS/CONCLUSION: Pilocarpine has some efficacy in the treatment of xerostomia from radiation therapy, graft-versus-host disease and Sjögren's syndrome. It has limited activity for the prevention of xerostomia during radiation therapy. It may have increased efficacy in combination with newer forms of radiation therapy.
口干症是指口腔内有干燥感，通常是由于唾液腺功能减退所致。口干症的病因包括药物、头颈部癌或甲状腺癌治疗期间放射治疗对唾液腺的影响以及自身免疫性疾病，如干燥综合征。减轻口干症的主要治疗方法是口服毛果芸香碱。
本综述讨论了关于口服毛果芸香碱治疗口干症的疗效和耐受性的随机试验。
对医学文献中有关毛果芸香碱治疗口干症的随机试验进行综述。
结果/结论：毛果芸香碱在治疗放疗、移植物抗宿主病和干燥综合征引起的口干症方面有一定疗效。它在预防放疗期间口干症方面的作用有限。与新型放疗联合使用可能会提高疗效。
