Burgess Neil
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Anatomy, University College London, UK.
Q J Exp Psychol A. 2002 Oct;55(4):1057-80. doi: 10.1080/02724980244000224.
A computational model of how single neurons in and around the rat hippocampus support spatial navigation is reviewed. The extension of this model, to include the retrieval from human long-term memory of spatial scenes and the spatial context of events is discussed. The model explores the link between spatial and mnemonic functions by supposing that retrieval of spatial information from long-term storage requires the imposition of a particular viewpoint. It is consistent with data relating to representational hemispatial neglect and the involvement of the mammillary bodies, anterior thalamus, and hippocampal formation in supporting both episodic recall and the representation of head direction. Some recent behavioural, neuropsychological, and functional neuroimaging experiments are reviewed, in which virtual reality is used to allow controlled study of navigation and memory for events set within a rich large-scale spatial context. These studies provide convergent evidence that the human hippocampus is involved in both tasks, with some lateralization of function (navigation on the right and episodic memory on the left). A further experiment indicates hippocampal involvement in retrieval of spatial information from a shifted viewpoint. I speculate that the hippocampal role in episodic recollection relates to its ability to represent a viewpoint moving within a spatial framework.
本文综述了大鼠海马体及其周围单个神经元如何支持空间导航的计算模型。讨论了该模型的扩展，以包括从人类长期记忆中检索空间场景和事件的空间背景。该模型通过假设从长期存储中检索空间信息需要施加特定的视角来探索空间和记忆功能之间的联系。它与有关表征性半侧空间忽视以及乳头体、前丘脑和海马结构在支持情景回忆和头部方向表征方面的参与的数据一致。本文还综述了一些最近的行为、神经心理学和功能神经影像学实验，其中使用虚拟现实来对在丰富的大规模空间背景中设置的事件的导航和记忆进行对照研究。这些研究提供了趋同的证据，表明人类海马体参与了这两项任务，并且存在一些功能侧化（右侧导航和左侧情景记忆）。进一步的实验表明海马体参与了从移位视角检索空间信息。我推测海马体在情景回忆中的作用与其在空间框架内移动的视角进行表征的能力有关。
