Chen W-T, Shih T T-F, Tu H-Y, Chen R-C, Shau W-Y
Department of Radiology, Taipei Municipal Jen-Ai Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
Acta Radiol. 2002 Sep;43(5):511-6.
To analyze MR direct and indirect signs for knees with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) partial or complete tear.
According to documented MR direct and indirect signs for ACL tear, we retrospectively reviewed the incidence of those signs in 15 partial ACL tear and 17 complete ACL tear patients. The findings were also compared with duration of injury (less or more than 6 weeks, as acute or chronic stages).
A residual straight and tight ACL fiber in at least one pulse sequence was more frequently detected in partial ACL tears. The empty notch sign, a wavy contour of ACL, bone contusion at lateral compartment and lateral meniscus posterior horn tear were significantly more frequently seen in complete tear cases. The posterior cruciate ligament angle in chronic complete ACL tear cases (109 degrees +/-20 degrees ) had a tendency to be less than in chronic partial ACL tear cases (119+/-18 degrees ).
The empty notch sign, a wavy ACL, bone contusion, and posterior horn of lateral meniscus tears are suggestive of a complete ACL tear. A residual straight and tight ACL fiber seen in at least one image section is a helpful sign to diagnosis of partial ACL tear. In the acute ACL injury stage, a focal increase of the ACL signal intensity is more suggestive of a partial ACL tear.
分析前交叉韧带（ACL）部分或完全撕裂膝关节的磁共振成像（MR）直接和间接征象。
根据已记录的ACL撕裂的MR直接和间接征象，我们回顾性分析了15例ACL部分撕裂和17例ACL完全撕裂患者中这些征象的发生率。研究结果还与损伤持续时间（少于或多于6周，分别为急性或慢性阶段）进行了比较。
在部分ACL撕裂中，至少在一个脉冲序列中更频繁地检测到残留的笔直且紧绷的ACL纤维。完全撕裂病例中，空凹征、ACL的波浪状轮廓、外侧间室骨挫伤和外侧半月板后角撕裂明显更常见。慢性完全ACL撕裂病例的后交叉韧带角（109度±20度）有小于慢性部分ACL撕裂病例（119±18度）的趋势。
空凹征、ACL波浪状、骨挫伤和外侧半月板后角撕裂提示ACL完全撕裂。至少在一个图像层面上看到残留的笔直且紧绷的ACL纤维是诊断部分ACL撕裂的有用征象。在急性ACL损伤阶段，ACL信号强度的局灶性增加更提示部分ACL撕裂。
