Bowen Phyllis, Chen Longwen, Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis Maria, Duncan Claudine, Sharifi Roohollah, Ghosh Luna, Kim Hyung-Sook, Christov-Tzelkov Konstantin, van Breemen Richard
Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, m/c 517, University of Illinois, 1919 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2002 Nov;227(10):886-93. doi: 10.1177/153537020222701008.
As part of a randomized placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of lycopene supplementation on DNA damage in men with prostate cancer, a nonrandomized 5th arm using tomato sauce was included and reported here. Thirty-two patients with localized prostate adenocarcinoma consumed tomato sauce-based pasta dishes for 3 weeks (30 mg of lycopene/day) before their scheduled radical prostatectomy. Prostate tissue was obtained as biopsies at baseline and as resected tissue at the time of the prostatectomy. Serum and prostate lycopene, serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentrations, and leukocyte DNA 8-OH-deoxyguanosine/deoxyguanosine (8OHdG) were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Cancer cells in paraffin sections of prostate biopsies and postintervention resected tissue were compared for 8OHdG staining and for apoptosis. Adherence to the daily consumption of tomato-based entrees was 81.6% of the intended dose, and serum and prostate lycopene concentrations increased 1.97- and 2.92-fold (P < 0.001), respectively. Mean serum PSA concentrations decreased by 17.5% (P < 0.002) and leukocyte 8OHdG decreased by 21.3% (P < 0.005) after tomato sauce consumption. Resected tissues from tomato sauce-supplemented patients had 28.3% lower prostate 8OHdG compared with the nonstudy control group (P < 0.03). Cancer cell 8OHdG staining of Gleason Score-matched resected prostate sections was reduced by 40.5% in mean nuclear density (P < 0.005) and by 36.4% in mean area (P < 0.018) compared with the presupplementation biopsy. Apoptotic index was higher in hyperplastic and neoplastic cells in the resected tissue after supplementation. These data taken as a whole indicate significant uptake of lycopene into prostate tissue and a reduction in DNA damage in both leukocyte and prostate tissue. Whether reduction in DNA damage to prostate cancer cells is beneficial awaits further research, although reduction in serum PSA concentrations is promising.
作为一项评估补充番茄红素对前列腺癌男性DNA损伤影响的随机安慰剂对照研究的一部分，本文纳入并报告了使用番茄酱的非随机第五组。32例局限性前列腺腺癌患者在预定的根治性前列腺切除术之前，食用以番茄酱为基础的面食菜肴3周（每天30毫克番茄红素）。在基线时通过活检获取前列腺组织，并在前列腺切除术时获取切除组织。在基线和干预结束时测量血清和前列腺中的番茄红素、血清前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）浓度以及白细胞DNA 8-羟基脱氧鸟苷/脱氧鸟苷（8OHdG）。比较前列腺活检石蜡切片和干预后切除组织中的癌细胞8OHdG染色及凋亡情况。番茄为主食的每日摄入量为预期剂量的81.6%，血清和前列腺中的番茄红素浓度分别增加了1.97倍和2.92倍（P<0.001）。食用番茄酱后，血清PSA平均浓度下降了17.5%（P<0.002），白细胞8OHdG下降了21.3%（P<0.005）。与非研究对照组相比，补充番茄酱患者的切除组织中前列腺8OHdG降低了28.3%（P<0.03）。与补充前活检相比，Gleason评分匹配的切除前列腺切片的癌细胞8OHdG染色平均核密度降低了40.5%（P<0.005），平均面积降低了36.4%（P<0.018）。补充后切除组织中增生和肿瘤细胞的凋亡指数更高。总体而言，这些数据表明番茄红素大量摄取到前列腺组织中，并减少了白细胞和前列腺组织中的DNA损伤。尽管血清PSA浓度降低很有前景，但前列腺癌细胞DNA损伤的减少是否有益仍有待进一步研究。
