Ayats-Ardite Josefina, Cisneros-Herreros José Miguel, Pérez-Sáenz José Luis, de la Torre-Cisneros Julián
Grupo de Estudio de las Infecciones en Trasplantados (GESITRA). Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC). España.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2002 Nov;20(9):448-61. doi: 10.1016/s0213-005x(02)72841-3.
Infections are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients. Many of these infections can be prevented or their effects reduced by accurate preoperative evaluation of risk in the transplantation candidate. The elaboration of guidelines using a multidisciplinary approach can help to establish more rational diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures in this setting.
To elaborate guidelines for the assessment of infectious diseases in transplant candidates, based on consensus among professionals in this field and under the auspices of Spanish scientific societies.
The Infections in Transplant Patients Group (GESITRA), within the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), appointed a panel of four microbiologists and infectious disease specialists to elaborate a draft of the guidelines, which was subsequently approved by all the members of this Group. With the support of the National Transplant Organization, the GESITRA document was then presented to various professionals in this field so they could provide their comments and suggestions.
The final document, after incorporation of all appropriate modifications and suggestions, is presented herein. The guidelines focus on the following: a) diagnosis of active and latent infections, and identification of risk factors in the candidate; b) recommended approach for infections diagnosed during the evaluation process and their corresponding treatment; c) definition of infections contraindicating transplantation; and d) prevention of post-transplantation infectious complications by systematic vaccination and instruction on preventive measures provided to patients, their relatives, and persons living with them.
Using a multidisciplinary approach that included the efforts of experts in the field and the collaboration of scientific societies, a comprehensive document containing specific recommendations was elaborated. Systematic review of the guidelines in the future is considered worthwhile by both the authors and supporters of this document.
感染是实体器官移植受者发病和死亡的主要原因之一。通过对移植候选者进行准确的术前风险评估，许多此类感染是可以预防的，或者其影响可以降低。采用多学科方法制定指南有助于在这种情况下建立更合理的诊断、治疗和预防措施。
在该领域专业人员的共识基础上，并在西班牙科学协会的支持下，制定移植候选者传染病评估指南。
西班牙传染病和临床微生物学会（SEIMC）内的移植患者感染组（GESITRA）任命了一个由四名微生物学家和传染病专家组成的小组来制定指南草案，该草案随后得到了该组所有成员的批准。在国家移植组织的支持下，GESITRA文件随后提交给该领域的各种专业人员，以便他们提供意见和建议。
在纳入所有适当的修改和建议后，最终文件在此呈现。指南重点关注以下方面：a）活动性和潜伏性感染的诊断以及候选者风险因素的识别；b）评估过程中诊断出的感染的推荐处理方法及其相应治疗；c）表明不宜进行移植的感染的定义；d）通过系统接种疫苗以及向患者、其亲属和与其共同生活的人提供预防措施指导来预防移植后感染并发症。
采用多学科方法，包括该领域专家的努力和科学协会的合作，制定了一份包含具体建议的综合文件。本文作者和支持者都认为未来对该指南进行系统审查是值得的。
