Bukov Aleksej, Maas Ineke, Lampert Thomas
Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2002 Nov;57(6):P510-7. doi: 10.1093/geronb/57.6.p510.
Social participation, defined as socially oriented sharing of individual resources, is often regarded as an important criterion of quality of life in old age. We distinguished three types of participation with respect to content, context, and resources required to participate: collective, productive, and political participation. Data from the multidisciplinary Berlin Aging Study were used to describe social participation of a very old population and to examine individual differences and changes over time. Analyses showed that social participation is cumulative. Individuals who engaged in political activities also took part in the other two types, and those who engaged in productive activities also participated in collective activities. Although many persons changed their social participation over the 4-year period, the cumulative pattern within the population remained unchanged. Educational and occupational resources were positively related to the intensity of social participation in old age, but changes in social participation could be better explained by age and health.
社会参与被定义为以社会为导向的个人资源共享，通常被视为老年生活质量的一个重要标准。我们根据参与的内容、背景和所需资源，区分了三种参与类型：集体参与、生产性参与和政治参与。来自多学科的柏林老龄研究的数据被用于描述高龄人群的社会参与情况，并研究个体差异以及随时间的变化。分析表明，社会参与是累积性的。参与政治活动的个体也会参与其他两种类型的活动，而参与生产性活动的个体也会参与集体活动。尽管许多人在这4年期间改变了他们的社会参与情况，但总体人群中的累积模式保持不变。教育和职业资源与老年社会参与的强度呈正相关，但社会参与的变化可以更好地用年龄和健康状况来解释。
