Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, 2-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Sep 4;23(1):1713. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16555-1.
Message framing is frequently used to advocate health perceptions and behaviors. The effects of message framing on various health behaviors have been examined; however, its effects on social participation, a key determinant of healthy aging, are unclear. This study investigated the effects of message framing on older adults' attitudes and intentions toward social participation.
A questionnaire survey conducted in 2020 targeted community-dwelling people aged ≥ 65 years in two rural areas in Japan. Participants were randomly allocated to four groups according to the types of framed messages to promote social participation activities: "private gain-framed message," "private loss-framed message," "public gain-framed message," or "no message." Outcomes included attitudes and intentions toward social participation (impression, interest, and readiness for social participation activities).
A total of 1,524 participants were analyzed (men: 46.3%; average age: 75.7 ± 7.9 years). Ordinal logistic regression analyses of individuals who engaged in any social participation activity showed no significant intergroup difference in the outcomes after adjusting for potential covariates. Among people who did not engage in any activity, the private loss-framed message was associated with a more favorable impression and higher interest and readiness than no message. The private gain-framed message was related to a higher interest in social participation.
Private loss-framed messages are possibly most effective in reinforcing attitudes and intentions toward social participation, particularly among individuals without social participation experience. These findings highlight the possibility of using a message-framing approach to promote social participation in older adults.
信息框架经常被用于倡导健康观念和行为。信息框架对各种健康行为的影响已被研究过，但其对社会参与的影响，这一健康老龄化的关键决定因素，尚不清楚。本研究调查了信息框架对老年人对社会参与的态度和意愿的影响。
2020 年进行的一项问卷调查针对的是日本两个农村地区的社区居住的年龄在 65 岁及以上的人群。参与者根据促进社会参与活动的信息框架类型被随机分配到四个组：“私人收益框架信息”“私人损失框架信息”“公共收益框架信息”或“无信息”。结果包括对社会参与的态度和意愿（印象、兴趣和参与社会参与活动的准备情况）。
共分析了 1524 名参与者（男性：46.3%；平均年龄：75.7±7.9 岁）。对参与任何社会参与活动的个体进行有序逻辑回归分析，在调整潜在协变量后，结果显示各组间无显著差异。在没有参与任何活动的人群中，与无信息相比，私人损失框架信息与更有利的印象以及更高的兴趣和准备度相关。私人收益框架信息与对社会参与的更高兴趣相关。
私人损失框架信息可能最能增强对社会参与的态度和意愿，尤其是在没有社会参与经验的个体中。这些发现强调了在老年人中使用信息框架方法来促进社会参与的可能性。
