Bailis Daniel S, Chipperfield Judith G
Health, Leisure and Human Performance Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2002 Nov;57(6):P531-9. doi: 10.1093/geronb/57.6.p531.
Collective self-esteem (CSE) refers to an individual's self-evaluation of his or her social identity. We speculate that a positive social identity, or high CSE, facilitates accommodation to negative health-related circumstances in later life, especially when one feels unable to alter these circumstances directly. Accordingly, we hypothesized that CSE would be associated with fewer chronic conditions and greater perceived health for those with low perceived control. Hierarchical regression analyses of data from 1,267 respondents (60% women, aged 69-101) in the 1996 Aging in Manitoba survey confirmed the predicted CSE x Perceived Control interaction on both measures of health status. These findings persisted when respondents' self-rated loneliness was controlled. CSE may compensate to protect the health of older adults whose perceived personal control over health is low. Secondary control and alternative mechanisms for this protective effect are discussed.
集体自尊（CSE）指个体对其社会身份的自我评价。我们推测，积极的社会身份，即高集体自尊，有助于个体在晚年适应与健康相关的负面状况，尤其是当个体感觉无法直接改变这些状况时。因此，我们假设对于那些感知到的控制感较低的人来说，集体自尊与较少的慢性疾病和更好的健康感知相关。对1996年马尼托巴省老年人调查中1267名受访者（60%为女性，年龄在69至101岁之间）的数据进行的分层回归分析证实了在健康状况的两项指标上预测的集体自尊×感知控制的交互作用。当对受访者的自评孤独感进行控制时，这些发现依然存在。集体自尊可能会起到补偿作用，以保护那些对健康的个人感知控制较低的老年人的健康。本文还讨论了这种保护作用的二级控制和替代机制。
