Changizi Mark A, Widders David M
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0086, USA.
Perception. 2002;31(10):1241-62. doi: 10.1068/p3412.
There is a significant delay between the time when light hits the retina and the time of the consequent percept. It has been hypothesized that the visual system attempts to correct for this latency by generating a percept representative of the way the world probably is at the time the percept is elicited, rather than a percept of the recent past. Here we show that such a 'perceiving the present' hypothesis explains a number of classical geometrical illusions: the Hering, Orbison, Müller-Lyer, Double Judd, Poggendorff, Corner, and Upside-down-T illusions. Each stimulus is perceived as it would project in the next moment were the observer moving through the scene the stimulus probably represents. We also examine one general class of predictions made by the hypothesis, and report psychophysical experiments confirming the predictions.
从光线照射视网膜到产生相应感知之间存在显著延迟。有人提出假说，视觉系统试图通过生成一种代表在感知产生之时世界可能状态的感知来校正这种延迟，而非生成对刚过去时刻的感知。在此我们表明，这样一种“感知当下”假说解释了一些经典几何错觉：如赫林错觉、奥比森错觉、缪勒-莱尔错觉、双贾德错觉、波根多夫错觉、转角错觉和倒T错觉。每个刺激都被感知为，倘若观察者正穿过该刺激可能代表的场景，它在下一时刻将会投射的样子。我们还检验了该假说做出的一类一般性预测，并报告了证实这些预测的心理物理学实验。
