Souissi Nizar, Gauthier Antoine, Sesboüé Bruno, Larue Jacques, Davenne Damien
CRAPS UPRES EA 2131, Université de Basse-Normandie, UFR STAPS, Caen, France.
J Sports Sci. 2002 Nov;20(11):929-37. doi: 10.1080/026404102320761813.
The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an effect of time of day on the adaptation to strength training at maximal effort. Fourteen participants took part in this experiment. Their peak anaerobic power (Wingate anaerobic test) and peak knee extension torque at six angular velocities (1.05, 2.10, 3.14, 4.19, 5.24 and 6.29 rad x s(-1)) were recorded in the morning (between 07:00 and 08:00 h) and in the evening (between 17:00 and 18:00 h) just before and 2 weeks after a 6 week course of regular training. Seven of them trained only in the morning and seven only in the evening. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant group x pre-/post-training x time of day interaction effect for peak torque and peak anaerobic power. Before training, in both groups, peak torque and peak anaerobic power were significantly higher in the evening than in the morning. After training, there was no significant difference in peak torque and peak anaerobic power between the morning and the evening for the morning training group. In contrast, in the evening training group, peak torque and peak anaerobic power were higher in the evening than in the morning. As a result of training, both peak torque and peak anaerobic power increased from their initial values as expected. The morning training group improved their peak anaerobic power significantly in the morning and in the evening, the absolute increase being larger in the morning than in the evening. The evening training group did not improve their peak anaerobic power in the morning, whereas it improved significantly in the evening. Although peak torque was significantly improved by training in the morning and evening in both groups, the absolute increase was greater in the morning than in the evening in the morning training group, whereas the opposite was the case for the evening training group. These results suggest that training twice a week at a specific hour increases the peak torque and the peak anaerobic power specifically at this hour and demonstrates that there is a temporal specificity to strength training.
本研究的目的是确定一天中的时间是否会对最大努力强度训练的适应性产生影响。14名参与者参与了本实验。在早上（07:00至08:00之间）和晚上（17:00至18:00之间），在为期6周的常规训练前和训练后2周，记录他们的峰值无氧功率（温盖特无氧测试）以及在六个角速度（1.05、2.10、3.14、4.19、5.24和6.29弧度×秒⁻¹）下的峰值膝关节伸展扭矩。其中7人只在早上训练，7人只在晚上训练。多因素方差分析显示，对于峰值扭矩和峰值无氧功率，存在显著的组×训练前/后×一天中的时间交互作用效应。训练前，两组的峰值扭矩和峰值无氧功率在晚上均显著高于早上。训练后，早上训练组的峰值扭矩和峰值无氧功率在早上和晚上之间没有显著差异。相比之下，晚上训练组的峰值扭矩和峰值无氧功率在晚上高于早上。训练的结果是，峰值扭矩和峰值无氧功率均如预期从初始值增加。早上训练组在早上和晚上均显著提高了其峰值无氧功率，绝对增加量在早上大于晚上。晚上训练组在早上未提高其峰值无氧功率，而在晚上有显著提高。虽然两组在早上和晚上训练后峰值扭矩均显著提高，但早上训练组的绝对增加量在早上大于晚上，而晚上训练组则相反。这些结果表明，每周在特定时间训练两次可特异性增加该时间的峰值扭矩和峰值无氧功率，并证明力量训练存在时间特异性。
