Kadappu K K, Nagaraja M V, Rao P V, Shastry B A
Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Manipal, Karnataka-576119, India.
J Postgrad Med. 2002 Jul-Sep;48(3):179-81.
Cryptosporidiosis caused by the protozoa Cryptosporidium, is the common cause of diarrhoea in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
To study the efficacy of short-term azithromycin in the management of cryptosporidiosis.
Randomised, controlled trial.
All consecutive patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), who were positive for cryptosporidial oocysts were taken for this prospective randomised study.
Short-term azithromycin treatment for cryptosporidial diarrhoea in AIDS patients was associated with good clinical improvement but parasitological benefit was doubtful. All 13 patients, who had symptoms of cryptosporidiosis, symptomatically improved with 5 days of treatment with azithromycin and became asymptomatic after 7 days of antibiotic, but stool sample was positive for cryptosporidium even after 7 days of therapy. After 14 days of treatment with azithromycin in 13 patients, in five patients stool was free of cryptosporidial oocyst. The drug was well tolerated in all the patients.
Short-term azithromycin can be used as a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic Cryptosporidiosis but not effective in eradicating Cryptosporidial infection.
由原生动物隐孢子虫引起的隐孢子虫病是获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）患者腹泻的常见病因。
研究短期使用阿奇霉素治疗隐孢子虫病的疗效。
随机对照试验。
所有连续感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）且隐孢子虫卵囊检测呈阳性的患者均纳入本前瞻性随机研究。
艾滋病患者隐孢子虫性腹泻的短期阿奇霉素治疗与良好的临床改善相关，但寄生虫学获益存疑。所有13例有隐孢子虫病症状的患者，经阿奇霉素治疗5天后症状均有改善，使用抗生素7天后无症状，但即使治疗7天后粪便样本中隐孢子虫仍呈阳性。13例患者经阿奇霉素治疗14天后，5例患者粪便中无隐孢子虫卵囊。所有患者对该药物耐受性良好。
短期阿奇霉素可作为有症状隐孢子虫病的安全有效治疗方法，但在根除隐孢子虫感染方面无效。
