Ramos Barbara M C, Siegel Shepard, Bueno José Lino O
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Integr Physiol Behav Sci. 2002 Jul-Sep;37(3):165-77. doi: 10.1007/BF02734179.
There is considerable evidence that drug-paired cues become associated with drug effects. It has been hypothesized that these cues act as Pavlovian conditional stimuli (CSs), and elicit conditional compensatory responses that contribute to tolerance. On the basis of a conditioning analysis of tolerance, we would expect that it should be possible to establish drug-paired cues as occasion setters, as well as conditional stimuli. Using feature-positive discrimination training, we evaluated the contribution of occasion-setting stimuli (as well as CSs) to tolerance to the hypothermic effect of ethanol in rats. The results indicated that a complete associative analysis of drug tolerance should incorporate not only the CS properties of predrug cues, but also the occasion-setting properties of such cues. The findings have implications for interpreting conflicting findings concerning extinction of tolerance and for cue-exposure treatments of addiction.
有大量证据表明，与药物配对的线索会与药物效应产生关联。据推测，这些线索充当巴甫洛夫条件刺激（CSs），并引发有助于耐受的条件性代偿反应。基于对耐受的条件分析，我们预期应该能够将与药物配对的线索确立为情境设定刺激以及条件刺激。通过特征阳性辨别训练，我们评估了情境设定刺激（以及CSs）对大鼠乙醇低温效应耐受的作用。结果表明，对药物耐受的完整联想分析不仅应纳入用药前线索的CS特性，还应纳入此类线索的情境设定特性。这些发现对于解释有关耐受消退的相互矛盾的发现以及成瘾的线索暴露治疗具有启示意义。
