Neal Jo Anne, Edelmann Robert J, Glachan Martin
School of Psychology & Counselling, University of Surrey Roehampton, London, UK.
Br J Clin Psychol. 2002 Nov;41(Pt 4):361-74. doi: 10.1348/014466502760387489.
The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between tendencies towards different mental health problems assessed via questionnaires (social phobia, agoraphobia, general anxiety/panic, depression), the two latent dimensions of behavioural inhibition (childhood social/school fears, non-social fears/ illness), and sensory-processing sensitivity.
A cross-sectional design was employed.
Volunteer participants (N = 234) from anxiety and depression self-help organizations completed five mailed questionnaires. These were the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory II and Beck Anxiety Inventory; the Highly Sensitive Person Scale, a measure of trait sensitivity to environmental stimuli; and the Retrospective Self-Report of Inhibition.
Higher levels of anxiety, but not depression, were associated with increased self-reported sensitivity to environmental stimuli. Recalled childhood social/school fears were related to elevated scores on measures of social phobia and depression, while recalled non-social fears/illness were not associated with any index of psychopathology.
These results extend those of previous research by suggesting specific patterns of relationships of both sensitivity to environmental stimuli and behavioural inhibition with symptoms of anxiety and depression. It is suggested that in investigating long-term outcome, prospective behavioural inhibition studies would benefit from examining the temporal corollaries of the underlying social and non-social dimensions. Sample and design limitations are discussed.
本研究旨在探讨通过问卷调查评估的不同心理健康问题倾向（社交恐惧症、广场恐惧症、广泛性焦虑/惊恐、抑郁症）、行为抑制的两个潜在维度（童年社交/学校恐惧、非社交恐惧/疾病）与感觉加工敏感性之间的关系。
采用横断面设计。
来自焦虑和抑郁自助组织的志愿者参与者（N = 234）完成了五份邮寄问卷。这些问卷分别是社交恐惧症和焦虑量表、贝克抑郁量表第二版和贝克焦虑量表；高敏感人群量表，一种衡量对环境刺激的特质敏感性的量表；以及抑制的回顾性自我报告。
焦虑水平较高而非抑郁水平较高与自我报告的对环境刺激的敏感性增加有关。回忆起的童年社交/学校恐惧与社交恐惧症和抑郁量表得分升高有关，而回忆起的非社交恐惧/疾病与任何精神病理学指标均无关。
这些结果扩展了先前研究的结果，表明对环境刺激的敏感性和行为抑制与焦虑和抑郁症状之间存在特定的关系模式。建议在调查长期结果时，前瞻性行为抑制研究将受益于检查潜在社交和非社交维度的时间相关性。讨论了样本和设计的局限性。
