Sari-Minodier I, Orsière T, Bellon L, Pompili J, Sapin C, Botta A
Service de Médecine et Santé au Travail, Laboratoire de Biogénotoxicologie et Mutagenèse Environnementale (EA 1784-IFR PMSE 112), Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France.
Mutat Res. 2002 Nov 26;521(1-2):37-46. doi: 10.1016/s1383-5718(02)00213-9.
Industrial radiography is the process of using either gamma-emitting radionuclide sources or X-ray machines to examine the safety of industrial materials. Industrial radiographers are among the radiation workers who receive the highest individual occupational radiation doses. To assess occupationally induced chromosomal damage, we performed the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in peripheral lymphocytes of 29 male industrial radiographers, exposed to ionizing radiation for 12.8 years+/-11.2, in comparison with 24 gender-, age-, and smoking habits-matched controls. The CBMN assay was combined with fluorescent in situ hybridization with a pan-centromeric DNA probe in 17 exposed subjects and 17 controls randomized from the initial populations. The mean cumulative equivalent dose, recorded by film dosimeters, was 67.2 mSv+/-49.8 over the past 5 years. The mean micronucleated binucleated cell rate (MCR) was significantly higher in the industrial radiographers than in the controls (10.7 per thousand +/-5.2 versus 6.6 per thousand +/-3.1, P=0.009); this difference was due to a significantly higher frequency of centromere-negative micronuclei (C-MN) in exposed subjects than in controls (8.5 per thousand +/-4.9 versus 2.2 per thousand +/-1.6, P<0.001). The two populations did not significantly differ in centromere-positive micronuclei (C+MN) frequency. These findings demonstrate a clastogenic effect in lymphocytes of industrial radiographers. MCR significantly positively correlated with age in the two groups. After correction for the age effect, MCR did not correlate with duration of occupational exposure. No correlation between radiation doses and MCR, C-MN, and C+MN frequencies was observed. In addition to physical dosimetry records, the enhanced chromosomal damage in lymphocytes of industrial radiographers emphasizes the importance of radiation safety programs.
工业放射照相术是利用发射伽马射线的放射性核素源或X射线机来检测工业材料安全性的过程。工业放射技师属于接受个体职业辐射剂量最高的辐射工作人员。为评估职业性诱导的染色体损伤，我们对29名男性工业放射技师的外周淋巴细胞进行了胞质分裂阻滞微核（CBMN）试验，这些技师暴露于电离辐射下达12.8年±11.2年，并与24名性别、年龄和吸烟习惯相匹配的对照者进行比较。在17名暴露个体和从初始人群中随机选取的17名对照者中，将CBMN试验与用全着丝粒DNA探针进行的荧光原位杂交相结合。在过去5年中，通过胶片剂量计记录的平均累积当量剂量为67.2 mSv±49.8。工业放射技师的平均微核双核细胞率（MCR）显著高于对照者（千分之10.7±5.2对千分之6.6±3.1，P = 0.009）；这种差异是由于暴露个体中着丝粒阴性微核（C-MN）的频率显著高于对照者（千分之8.5±4.9对千分之2.2±1.6，P<0.001）。两组在着丝粒阳性微核（C+MN）频率上无显著差异。这些发现表明工业放射技师的淋巴细胞存在致断裂效应。两组中MCR与年龄显著正相关。校正年龄效应后，MCR与职业暴露持续时间无相关性。未观察到辐射剂量与MCR、C-MN及C+MN频率之间存在相关性。除了物理剂量学记录外，工业放射技师淋巴细胞中染色体损伤的增强强调了辐射安全计划的重要性。
