Bodó Béla
Bull Hist Med. 2002 Winter;76(4):719-48.
This article looks at the history of the medical inspection and biological selection of students in the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany. It discusses the emergence of regular medical inspection of various social groups, including students, in the 1920s and explains why the Nazis were so eager to make health inspections--complete with anthropological and racial surveys--an integral part of the admission process to German universities. It examines why certain individuals, mainly young physicians, complied with the Nazi laws and why others, such as female and fraternity students, older and established physicians in the university clinics, and university administrators, sought to sabotage the procedures. Finally, it explains the failure of biological selection on university campuses in the context of the evolving educational and social policies of the Nazi regime.
本文探讨了魏玛共和国和纳粹德国时期学生医学检查与生物选拔的历史。它讨论了20世纪20年代对包括学生在内的各种社会群体进行定期医学检查的出现，并解释了纳粹为何如此热衷于将健康检查——包括人类学和种族调查——作为德国大学入学程序的一个组成部分。它研究了为什么某些人，主要是年轻医生，遵守纳粹法律，而其他人，如女学生和兄弟会学生、大学诊所中年长且地位稳固的医生以及大学管理人员，却试图破坏这些程序。最后，它在纳粹政权不断演变的教育和社会政策背景下解释了大学校园生物选拔的失败。
