Valkounová I, Maresová D, Trojan S
Institute of Physiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine of Charles University, Albertov 5, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Sb Lek. 2001;102(4):455-63.
The favourable development of foetus is connected with the sufficient oxygen requirement. The brain of the foetus is extraordinarily sensitive to the disorders of oxygen supply. Ischemic brain injury connected with perinatal asfyxia is a frequent cause of hypoxic encephalopathy. An increased tolerance of the brain could be achieved by using peptide grows factors, inhibition of nitric oxide or modifying the glutamate receptors activity. Cerebral hypoxia evolves mainly in the case interruption of the feto-placental circulation or cardiorespiratory failure in the neonate. For making the diagnosis of neonatal encephalopathy is important to determine clinical neurological and systemic deragements in the first few days of life. Assessment of prognosis is generally based on a combination of clinical features and abnormalities of examination methods (electroencephalography, computer tomography).
胎儿的良好发育与充足的氧气需求相关。胎儿的大脑对氧气供应紊乱极为敏感。与围产期窒息相关的缺血性脑损伤是缺氧性脑病的常见原因。通过使用肽生长因子、抑制一氧化氮或改变谷氨酸受体活性，可以提高大脑的耐受性。脑缺氧主要发生在胎儿 - 胎盘循环中断或新生儿心肺功能衰竭的情况下。对于新生儿脑病的诊断，在出生后的头几天确定临床神经和全身紊乱情况很重要。预后评估通常基于临床特征和检查方法（脑电图、计算机断层扫描）异常的综合判断。
