Waller David, Montello Daniel R, Richardson Anthony E, Hegarty Mary
Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2002 Nov;28(6):1051-63. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.28.6.1051.
This article examines the degree to which knowledge about the body's orientation affects transformations in spatial memory and whether memories are accessed with a preferred orientation. Participants learned large paths from a single viewpoint and were later asked to make judgments of relative directions from imagined positions on the path. Experiments 1 and 2 contribute to the emerging consensus that memories for large layouts are orientation specific, suggesting that prior findings to the contrary may not have fully accounted for latencies. Experiments 2 and 3 show that knowledge of one's orientation can create a preferred direction in spatial memory that is different from the learned orientation. Results further suggest that spatial updating may not be as automatic as previously thought.
本文探讨了关于身体方位的知识在多大程度上影响空间记忆的转换，以及记忆是否以一种偏好的方位被提取。参与者从单一视角学习大型路径，随后被要求从路径上想象的位置做出相对方向的判断。实验1和实验2有助于形成一种新的共识，即大型布局的记忆是方位特定的，这表明之前相反的研究结果可能没有充分考虑反应时。实验2和实验3表明，对自身方位的了解可以在空间记忆中创造一个与所学方位不同的偏好方向。结果进一步表明，空间更新可能不像之前认为的那么自动。
