University of Reading, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, Reading, RG6 6AL, United Kingdom.
Microsoft, HoloLens, Cambridge, CB1 2FB, United Kingdom.
Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 29;9(1):12578. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48379-8.
People are able to keep track of objects as they navigate through space, even when objects are out of sight. This requires some kind of representation of the scene and of the observer's location but the form this might take is debated. We tested the accuracy and reliability of observers' estimates of the visual direction of previously-viewed targets. Participants viewed four objects from one location, with binocular vision and small head movements then, without any further sight of the targets, they walked to another location and pointed towards them. All conditions were tested in an immersive virtual environment and some were also carried out in a real scene. Participants made large, consistent pointing errors that are poorly explained by any stable 3D representation. Any explanation based on a 3D representation would have to posit a different layout of the remembered scene depending on the orientation of the obscuring wall at the moment the participant points. Our data show that the mechanisms for updating visual direction of unseen targets are not based on a stable 3D model of the scene, even a distorted one.
当人们在空间中移动时，即使物体不在视线范围内，他们也能够跟踪物体。这需要对场景和观察者的位置进行某种表示，但这种表示形式存在争议。我们测试了观察者对先前观察到的目标的视觉方向的估计的准确性和可靠性。参与者从一个位置用双目视觉和小的头部运动观察四个物体，然后，在没有任何进一步观察目标的情况下，他们走到另一个位置并指向它们。所有条件都在沉浸式虚拟环境中进行测试，有些条件也在真实场景中进行测试。参与者的指向存在较大的、一致的错误，任何基于稳定 3D 表示的解释都难以解释这些错误。任何基于 3D 表示的解释都必须假定在参与者指向时，记忆场景的布局会根据遮挡墙的方向而有所不同。我们的数据表明，看不见目标的视觉方向更新机制不是基于场景的稳定 3D 模型，即使是扭曲的模型。
