Fenzl T, Schuller G
Department Biologie II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Luisenstrasse 14, D-80333, München, Germany.
Eur J Neurosci. 2002 Nov;16(10):1974-86. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02261.x.
The periaqueductal gray matter and the region of the paralemniscal area were neuroanatomically delineated in the brain of the neotropical bat Phyllostomus discolor[Wagner (1843) Arch. Naturgesch., 9, 365-368] and were probed with electrical microstimulation for eliciting vocalizations. In a well-delimited rostral portion of the periaqueductal gray exclusively, communication calls could be triggered at low stimulation currents. Communication calls as well as echolocation calls could be elicited at the dorsal and ventral edges of this area. Pharmacological stimulation with microdialysed kainic acid in this particular periaqueductal gray area demonstrated that neurons and not fibres of passage are activated for triggering vocalization. Solely echolocation calls were emitted upon electrical microstimulation or with microdialysed kainic acid in the region of the paralemniscal area. The periaqueductal gray appears to be involved in vocal pathways that control both communication calls and echolocation calls, while the region of the paralemniscal area seems to be specialized for control of echolocation calls only. Respiration is similarly influenced by stimulation in the periaqueductal gray and the region of the paralemniscal area. Periaqueductal gray and paralemniscal area interact differently with the final common pathway for vocalization, and may represent different functional organization in the vocal controlling pathways for communication calls and echolocation calls.
在新热带蝙蝠（淡黄果蝠，Phyllostomus discolor[瓦格纳（1843年），《自然史档案》，9，365 - 368页]）的大脑中，对导水管周围灰质和旁lemniscal区进行了神经解剖学描绘，并用电微刺激来引发发声。仅在导水管周围灰质一个界限清晰的吻侧部分，可以在低刺激电流下触发通讯叫声。在该区域的背侧和腹侧边缘，通讯叫声以及回声定位叫声都可以被引发。在这个特定的导水管周围灰质区域，用微量透析的 kainic 酸进行药理学刺激表明，触发发声的是神经元而非传导纤维。仅在旁lemniscal区进行电微刺激或用微量透析的 kainic 酸刺激时，才会发出回声定位叫声。导水管周围灰质似乎参与了控制通讯叫声和回声定位叫声的发声通路，而旁lemniscal区似乎仅专门用于控制回声定位叫声。导水管周围灰质和旁lemniscal区对发声的最后共同通路有不同的影响，并且可能在通讯叫声和回声定位叫声的发声控制通路中代表不同的功能组织。
