Isbister Geoffrey K, Hirst David
Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, Level 5, Clinical Sciences Building, University of Newcastle, Newcastle Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Waratah NSW 2298, Australia.
Vet Hum Toxicol. 2002 Dec;44(6):339-42.
Most injuries from spiders are due to their bites. Skin and eye injuries have been reported following contact with hairs of some theraphosid spiders (tarantulas). Some large spiders have relatively large spines on their legs and it was hypothesized that these may cause injury in some cases of suspected spider bite, and may account for "splinters" uncommonly seen at bite sites. Fifteen cases of suspected injury from spider leg spines were recruited prospectively over 3y. In all cases "splinters" were seen at the site. In II cases therewas a definite bite in addition to the spine injury. There were 2 definite cases where spines were collected, identified and confirmed to be from the spider. In most cases the spider was from the family Sparassidae (huntsman spiders). In I definite case the patient was bitten, grabbed the spider and was stabbed by the spines in the fingers; he developed redness, swelling and itchiness at the site of the injury lasting over a week. The other definite case occurred when a frozen spider was picked up for venom gland dissection; more than 5 spines became embedded in the finger causing transient pain. This study establishes for the first time that larger spiders can cause injuries with their leg spines, and this occurs commonly in conjunction with a bite by the spider. This explains the presence of "splinters" at some bite sites. The spines mainly caused a simple mechanical injury, although in 1 case there was a delayed inflammatory reaction.
大多数蜘蛛伤人事件是由其叮咬所致。据报道,接触某些捕鸟蛛(狼蛛)的毛发后会导致皮肤和眼部受伤。一些大型蜘蛛的腿部有相对较大的刺,据推测,在某些疑似蜘蛛叮咬的案例中,这些刺可能会造成伤害,并且可能是叮咬部位罕见的“刺状物”的成因。在3年时间里,前瞻性招募了15例疑似被蜘蛛腿部刺伤害的病例。所有病例的叮咬部位均可见“刺状物”。11例病例中,除了有刺损伤外,还存在明确的叮咬。有2例确诊病例,刺被收集、鉴定并确认为来自蜘蛛。大多数情况下,蜘蛛属于巨蟹蛛科(猎人蛛)。在1例确诊病例中,患者被蜘蛛叮咬后抓住蜘蛛,手指被刺刺伤;受伤部位出现红肿和瘙痒,持续了一周多时间。另一例确诊病例发生在捡起一只冷冻蜘蛛进行毒腺解剖时;5根以上的刺扎入手指,引起短暂疼痛。这项研究首次证实,大型蜘蛛的腿部刺能够造成伤害,而且这种情况通常与蜘蛛的叮咬同时发生。这就解释了在一些叮咬部位出现“刺状物”的原因。这些刺主要造成简单的机械性损伤,不过有1例出现了迟发性炎症反应。