Meylan Sandrine, Belliure Josabel, Clobert Jean, de Fraipont Michelle
Laboratoire d'Ecologie, CNRS-UMR 7625, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
Horm Behav. 2002 Nov;42(3):319-26. doi: 10.1006/hbeh.2002.1827.
Dispersal is a complex phenomenon affected by multiple factors. Among the factors that influence dispersal in the common lizard (Lacerta vivipara), poor maternal body condition and stress are known to decrease dispersal propensity of juveniles. But the effect of individual factors on dispersal could change when several of them act concurrently or at different developmental stages. Prenatal factors can affect clutch and/or juvenile characteristics that later affect dispersal. Postnatal influences are mainly exerted on juvenile dispersal behavior. We investigated the role of body condition and stress on dispersal at a prenatal and a postnatal stage. Stress was mimicked by experimentally increasing corticosterone levels in pregnant females and recently born juveniles. We considered (1). the influence of maternal body condition and prenatal corticosterone treatment on clutch, juvenile characteristics and on dispersal behavior and (2). the influence of juvenile body condition and postnatal corticosterone treatment on juvenile dispersal behavior. There was an interaction between maternal condition and prenatal corticosterone treatment on juvenile dispersal. Dispersal decreased with maternal corticosterone increase only in juveniles from the more corpulent females, while it increased with juvenile body condition. Good maternal body condition affected clutch and juvenile characteristics favoring dispersal, while elevation of corticosterone level (stress) exerted the opposite effect. Juvenile body condition favored dispersal, while there was no effect of postnatal corticosterone treatment on juvenile dispersal propensity.
扩散是一种受多种因素影响的复杂现象。在影响普通蜥蜴（胎生蜥蜴）扩散的因素中，母体身体状况不佳和压力会降低幼体的扩散倾向。但是，当其中几个因素同时起作用或在不同发育阶段起作用时，个体因素对扩散的影响可能会发生变化。产前因素会影响卵 clutch 和/或幼体特征，进而影响扩散。产后影响主要作用于幼体的扩散行为。我们研究了身体状况和压力在产前和产后阶段对扩散的作用。通过实验提高怀孕雌性和新生幼体的皮质酮水平来模拟压力。我们考虑了：（1）母体身体状况和产前皮质酮处理对卵 clutch、幼体特征及扩散行为的影响，以及（2）幼体身体状况和产后皮质酮处理对幼体扩散行为的影响。母体状况和产前皮质酮处理对幼体扩散存在相互作用。仅在体型较胖的雌性所产幼体中，母体皮质酮增加会使扩散减少，而扩散随幼体身体状况的增加而增加。良好的母体身体状况会影响卵 clutch 和幼体特征，有利于扩散，而皮质酮水平升高（压力）则产生相反的效果。幼体身体状况有利于扩散，而产后皮质酮处理对幼体扩散倾向没有影响。
