Simjee S, White D G, Meng J, Wagner D D, Qaiyumi S, Zhao S, Hayes J R, McDermott P F
US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002 Dec;50(6):877-82. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkf236.
The prevalence of streptogramin resistance genes in enterococci recovered from retail poultry in the Greater Washington DC area was examined. Forty-three chicken and 32 turkey retail samples were analysed. Thirty-one non-Enterococcus faecalis enterococcal strains were isolated that displayed MICs of quinupristin-dalfopristin and virginiamycin of > or = 4 mg/L. These included Enterococcus faecium (turkey n = 4, chicken n = 23), Enterococcus gallinarum (turkey n = 2, chicken n = 1) and Enterococcus hirae (chicken n = 1). The presence of streptogramin resistance genes was examined by PCR in all non-E. faecalis isolates. The vat(E) gene was detected in 10/23 chicken E. faecium and from 2/4 turkey E. faecium. No other streptogramin resistance genes were detected by PCR. In addition, erm(B) was detected in all the E. faecium and E. gallinarum found in turkeys and in 7/23 E. faecium found in chickens. The vat(E) gene was transferable by conjugation from only two of the 12 E. faecium isolates (one from chicken and one from turkey). This study suggests that there is a high prevalence of low-level streptogramin resistance among enterococci found in retail poultry and that other, yet to be identified, mechanisms operate in these isolates that confer streptogramin resistance in enterococci.
对从大华盛顿特区地区零售家禽中分离出的肠球菌中链阳菌素耐药基因的流行情况进行了检测。分析了43份鸡肉和32份火鸡肉零售样本。分离出31株非粪肠球菌肠球菌菌株，其对奎奴普丁-达福普汀和维吉尼亚霉素的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）≥4mg/L。这些菌株包括屎肠球菌（火鸡4株，鸡肉23株）、鹑鸡肠球菌（火鸡2株，鸡肉1株）和平肠球菌（鸡肉1株）。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测了所有非粪肠球菌分离株中链阳菌素耐药基因的存在情况。在23株鸡肉屎肠球菌中的10株和4株火鸡屎肠球菌中的2株中检测到vat（E）基因。PCR未检测到其他链阳菌素耐药基因。此外，在火鸡中发现的所有屎肠球菌和鹑鸡肠球菌以及在鸡肉中发现的23株屎肠球菌中的7株中检测到erm（B）基因。vat（E）基因仅可从12株屎肠球菌分离株中的2株（1株来自鸡肉，1株来自火鸡）通过接合转移。这项研究表明，零售家禽中发现的肠球菌中低水平链阳菌素耐药的流行率很高，并且在这些分离株中存在其他尚未确定的机制，这些机制赋予肠球菌链阳菌素耐药性。
