Driscoll Tim, Feyer Anne-Marie, Stout Nancy, Williamson Ann
Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
Inj Control Saf Promot. 2002 Mar;9(1):32-9. doi: 10.1076/icsp.9.1.32.3321.
As part of a larger study comparing work-related fatal injury of workers in Australia, New Zealand and the United States, an assessment was made of the similarities and differences between the three countries in identifying fatal incidents as work-related or not. The researchers in each country independently classified 333 brief scenarios, describing a variety of fatal incidents, into one of nine categories related to work: worker, bystander, commuter, volunteer, student, suicide, other, unknown and none of the above. Complete agreement with the classification was moderate (62%), but agreement when classifying scenarios as working, not working or unknown was much higher (full agreement for 80% of scenarios; Kappa = 0.71). Only 5% of scenarios were classified differently by all three countries. Other main findings of the study were that there is variation between countries in the interpretation of what is and what is not work-related, and variation in the amount or type of information required to make a definitive classification. Common circumstances described in the scenarios for which there was some disagreement in classification included domestic violence incidents at work, volunteer workers, business trips, social functions connected to work, hobby farmers and some possible bystander incidents that occurred on farms or on the road. The results suggest that, even without the use of standard definitions, comparisons between the datasets of the countries involved in this study can be made with reasonable confidence. However, they also emphasise the importance of minimising ambiguity in the definitions used, and of understanding the manner in which the definitions are applied, when comparing results between studies.
作为一项比较澳大利亚、新西兰和美国工人与工作相关致命伤害的大型研究的一部分，对这三个国家在确定致命事件是否与工作相关方面的异同进行了评估。每个国家的研究人员独立地将333个描述各种致命事件的简短场景分类到与工作相关的九个类别之一：工人、旁观者、通勤者、志愿者、学生、自杀、其他、未知以及以上都不是。分类的完全一致性一般（62%），但将场景分类为与工作有关、与工作无关或未知时的一致性要高得多（80%的场景完全一致；卡帕系数=0.71）。只有5%的场景在三个国家的分类中有所不同。该研究的其他主要发现是，各国在对与工作相关和无关的定义的解释上存在差异，以及在做出明确分类所需的信息数量或类型上存在差异。在分类上存在一些分歧的场景中描述的常见情况包括工作场所的家庭暴力事件、志愿者、商务旅行、与工作相关的社交活动、业余农民以及一些可能发生在农场或道路上的旁观者事件。结果表明，即使不使用标准定义，本研究中涉及的国家数据集之间的比较也可以有合理的可信度。然而，它们也强调了在比较研究结果时尽量减少所用定义中的模糊性以及理解定义应用方式的重要性。
