Stutts Wanda C
School of Nursing, and Chair, Davis Nursing Program, Gardner-Webb University, Statesville, NC, USA.
AAOHN J. 2002 Nov;50(11):499-507.
The determinants of physical activity in adults were explored in this study. Explanatory variables included perceived benefits of and perceived barriers to physical activity, and perceived self efficacy for physical activity. Inactive participants were asked to identify barriers to activity, and active participants cited cues prompting them to adopt a physically active lifestyle. Data were collected from 137 adults obtained from work sites, an evening college program, and church groups. Overall, participants were physically active. Self efficacy was the only variable to predict physical activity. Race (i.e., being White) and body mass index (i.e., being overweight) explained perceived barriers to activity. The primary reason for inactivity was lack of time, and the most frequently cited cues to activity were dissatisfaction with one's weight or appearance. Few nursing studies have attempted to increase participants' levels of self efficacy. However, the occupational health nurse is in a unique position to increase workers' perceived self efficacy for activity and, in turn, their activity levels.
本研究探讨了成年人身体活动的决定因素。解释变量包括对身体活动的感知益处、感知障碍以及对身体活动的自我效能感。不活跃的参与者被要求指出活动的障碍，而活跃的参与者则列举促使他们采取积极生活方式的提示因素。数据收集自137名从工作场所、夜校课程和教会团体招募的成年人。总体而言，参与者身体较为活跃。自我效能感是唯一能预测身体活动的变量。种族（即白人）和体重指数（即超重）解释了对活动的感知障碍。不活动的主要原因是缺乏时间，而最常被提及的活动提示因素是对自己体重或外表的不满。很少有护理研究试图提高参与者的自我效能感水平。然而，职业健康护士处于独特的地位，可以提高工人对活动的自我效能感，进而提高他们的活动水平。
