Aral Sevgi O, St Lawrence Janet S
Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, M/S-E02, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Sex Transm Dis. 2002 Dec;29(12):798-805. doi: 10.1097/00007435-200212000-00011.
The Russian Federation is experiencing epidemics of drug-injection-associated HIV infection and high rates of syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
The goal of the study was to present the results of a rapid assessment focusing on sex workers (SWs) and drug users that was conducted in the Saratov Oblast in May 2000.
We used four data-collection techniques during this rapid assessment: review of available literature; in-depth interviews; naturalistic observations; and focus group discussions.
Sex work in Saratov/Engels is more differentiated, with more categories of SWs, pimps with well-defined functions, and clearly formed escort services. In Balakovo, sex work is confined to individual women who are working as freelancers, most of whom are drug users. In the past 2 years, the drug of choice has shifted to heroin. The potential epidemiologic impact of sex work on the general population is defined in terms of the number of SW contacts per 100,000 population per year, which ranges from 32,800 to 730,000. Further elaboration of this simple measure is discussed.
Our understanding of core group structure and characteristics, core-periphery contacts, and the impact of these on the spread of STI needs to be enhanced; comparative empirical data on such parameters need to be collected across societies.
俄罗斯联邦正经历与注射毒品相关的艾滋病毒感染疫情，梅毒及其他性传播感染（STIs）的发病率也很高。
本研究的目标是呈现2000年5月在萨拉托夫州针对性工作者（SWs）和吸毒者开展的快速评估结果。
在此次快速评估中，我们采用了四种数据收集技术：查阅现有文献；深入访谈；自然观察；焦点小组讨论。
萨拉托夫/恩格斯的性工作更为分化，性工作者类别更多，皮条客职能明确，陪护服务也已清晰形成。在巴拉科沃，性工作仅限于个体女性自由职业者，其中大多数是吸毒者。在过去两年中，首选毒品已转向海洛因。性工作对普通人群的潜在流行病学影响是根据每年每10万人口中性工作者接触者的数量来界定的，这一数量在32800至730000之间。本文还讨论了对这一简单指标的进一步细化。
我们需要加强对核心群体结构与特征、核心 - 边缘接触及其对性传播感染传播影响的理解；需要在不同社会中收集关于此类参数的比较实证数据。
