van der Perk Marcel, Slávik Ondrej, Fulajtár Emil
Utrecht Centre for Environment and Landscape Dynamics (UCEL), Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, 2508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Environ Qual. 2002 Nov-Dec;31(6):1930-9.
Surface contamination by bomb-derived and Chernobyl-derived 137Cs has been subject to changes due to physical decay and lateral transport of contaminated soil particles, which have resulted in an on-going transfer of radionuclides from terrestrial ecosystems to surface water, river bed sediments, and flood plains. Knowledge of the different sources of spatial variation of 137Cs is particularly essential for estimating 137Cs transfer to fluvial systems and for successfully applying 137Cs as an environmental tracer in soil erosion studies. This study combined a straightforward sediment redistribution model and geostatistical interpolation of point samples of 137Cs activities in soil to distinguish the effects of sediment erosion and deposition from other sources of variation in 137Cs in the small Mochovce catchment in Slovakia. These other sources of variation could then be interpreted. Besides erosion and deposition processes, the initial pattern of 137Cs deposition, floodplain sedimentation, and short-range spatial variation were identified as the major sources of spatial variation of the 137Cs inventory.
源自炸弹和切尔诺贝利的137Cs造成的地表污染，因物理衰变以及受污染土壤颗粒的横向迁移而发生了变化，这导致放射性核素持续从陆地生态系统转移至地表水、河床沉积物和洪泛平原。了解137Cs空间变异的不同来源，对于估算137Cs向河流系统的转移以及在土壤侵蚀研究中成功将137Cs用作环境示踪剂尤为重要。本研究结合了一个简单的沉积物再分配模型和对土壤中137Cs活度点样本的地质统计插值，以区分斯洛伐克小莫乔夫采集水区沉积物侵蚀和沉积的影响与137Cs其他变异来源的影响。然后可以对这些其他变异来源进行解释。除了侵蚀和沉积过程外，137Cs沉积的初始模式、洪泛平原沉积和短程空间变异被确定为137Cs存量空间变异的主要来源。
