de los Reyes Francis L, Rothauszky Dagmar, Raskin Lutgarde
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA.
Water Environ Res. 2002 Sep-Oct;74(5):437-49. doi: 10.2175/106143002x140233.
A survey of full-scale activated-sludge plants in Illinois revealed that filamentous foaming is a widespread problem in the state, and that the causes and consequences of foaming control strategies are not fully understood. To link microbial community structure to foam occurrence, microbial populations in eight foaming and nine nonfoaming full-scale activated-sludge systems were quantified using oligonucleotide hybridization probes targeting the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) of the mycolata; Gordonia spp.; Gordonia amarae; "Candidatus Microthrix parvicella"; the alpha-, beta-, and gamma-subclasses of the Proteobacteria, and members of the Cytophaga-Flavobacteria. Parallel measurements of microbial population abundance using hybridization of extracted RNA and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that the levels of mycolata, particularly Gordonia spp., were higher in most foaming systems compared with nonfoaming systems. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and microscopy suggested the involvement of "Candidatus Microthrix parvicella" and Skermania piniformis in foam formation in other plants. Finally, high numbers of "Candidatus Microthrix parvicella" were detected by FISH in foam and mixed liquor samples of one plant, whereas the corresponding levels of rRNA were low. This finding implies that inactive "Candidatus Microthrix parvicella" cells (i.e., cells with low rRNA levels) can cause foaming.
对伊利诺伊州全尺寸活性污泥处理厂的一项调查显示，丝状菌泡沫问题在该州普遍存在，而且泡沫控制策略的成因及后果尚未得到充分理解。为了将微生物群落结构与泡沫产生联系起来，使用针对分枝杆菌纲、戈登氏菌属、苦黄戈登氏菌、“微小杆菌属暂未命名种”、变形菌门的α-、β-和γ-亚类以及噬纤维菌-黄杆菌成员的核糖体RNA（rRNA）的寡核苷酸杂交探针，对8个有泡沫和9个无泡沫的全尺寸活性污泥系统中的微生物种群进行了定量分析。使用提取RNA杂交和荧光原位杂交（FISH）对微生物种群丰度进行的平行测量表明，与无泡沫系统相比，大多数有泡沫系统中的分枝杆菌纲，特别是戈登氏菌属的水平更高。荧光原位杂交和显微镜检查表明，“微小杆菌属暂未命名种”和柱状斯克尔曼氏菌参与了其他处理厂的泡沫形成。最后，通过FISH在一个处理厂的泡沫和混合液样本中检测到大量“微小杆菌属暂未命名种”，而相应的rRNA水平较低。这一发现意味着无活性的“微小杆菌属暂未命名种”细胞（即rRNA水平低的细胞）会导致泡沫产生。
