Lerner Richard M, Castellino Domini R
Eliot-Pearson Department of Child Development, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2002 Dec;31(6 Suppl):122-35. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00495-0.
To discuss developmental systems models of human development and explain how they offer a productive frame for research, policies, and programs aimed at understanding adolescents' development and enhancing their health and positive development. Contemporary developmental theory stresses that the multiple levels of organization involved in human life (ranging from biology through culture, the natural and designed ecology, and history) are systemically integrated across ontogeny. Relations within this developmental system are the focus of developmental analysis and application.
The key features of developmental systems theories are reviewed, and their use for framing scholarship about and applications for improving adolescent development are assessed.
We demonstrate the potential of contemporary developmental theory for understanding the character and dynamics of adolescent development and for using this knowledge for the design of effective policies and programs that promote positive youth development.
An adequate and sufficient science of adolescent development, and one that is able to help in the development of successful policies and programs for youth, must integratively study the relations between individuals and contexts in an integrated, systemic, and temporal manner.
探讨人类发展的发展系统模型，并解释它们如何为旨在理解青少年发展以及促进其健康和积极发展的研究、政策及项目提供一个富有成效的框架。当代发展理论强调，人类生活中涉及的多个组织层次（从生物学、文化、自然与设计的生态环境到历史）在个体发育过程中是系统整合的。这个发展系统中的关系是发展分析与应用的重点。
回顾发展系统理论的关键特征，并评估其在构建有关改善青少年发展的学术研究及应用方面的作用。
我们展示了当代发展理论在理解青少年发展的特征与动态以及利用这些知识设计促进青少年积极发展的有效政策和项目方面的潜力。
一门充分且足够的青少年发展科学，以及一门能够助力制定成功的青年政策和项目的科学，必须以综合、系统和与时俱进的方式对个体与环境之间的关系进行综合研究。
