Pacifici L, Casella F, Ripari M
Cattedra di Clinica Odontostomatologica, Corso di Laurea in Odontoiatria e Protesi Dentaria, Università degli Studi di Roma, La Sapienza, Rome.
Minerva Stomatol. 2002 Sep;51(9):351-9.
In this article the principles of tissue engineering are analyzed. The growth factors release from platelets, TGF-beta, PDGF, IGF-I and -II, are accurately described and the structure and functions of these growth factors are reported. Then a simple model of bone regeneration is proposed. This model is used every time that bone grafts are used in oral and maxillofacial surgery. On the basis of this model of bone regeneration, the cells and biochemical indicators (pH and pO2) of bone wound where the bone graft is placed, and of surrounding tissues, are described. Then three phases of bone regeneration are analyzed: the beginning, the second (or immature bone), the third or mature bone with lamellar architecture. In each phase the importance of growth factors are evaluated. The conclusion is drawn that factors influence the bone regeneration and that their increased concentration leads to a quick bone formation and quantity. Moreover, the techniques of regeneration in vivo with autogenous bone, are better than those in vitro, since the bone structure, is also the result of the biomechanical environment, where the bone graft grows up.
本文分析了组织工程学原理。准确描述了血小板释放的生长因子，即转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）、血小板衍生生长因子（PDGF）、胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-I）和胰岛素样生长因子-II（IGF-II），并报告了这些生长因子的结构和功能。然后提出了一个简单的骨再生模型。每次在口腔颌面外科使用骨移植时都会用到这个模型。基于这个骨再生模型，描述了植入骨移植的骨创口及其周围组织的细胞和生化指标（pH值和pO2）。接着分析了骨再生的三个阶段：起始阶段、第二阶段（或未成熟骨阶段）、第三阶段或具有板层结构的成熟骨阶段。在每个阶段评估生长因子的重要性。得出的结论是，这些因子影响骨再生，其浓度增加会导致快速的骨形成和骨量增加。此外，自体骨体内再生技术优于体外再生技术，因为骨结构也是骨移植生长的生物力学环境的结果。
