Hestbjerg Helle, Nielsen Kristian F, Thrane Ulf, Elmholt Susanne
Department of Crop Physiology and Soil Science, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Dec 18;50(26):7593-9. doi: 10.1021/jf020432o.
Fusarium culmorum and F. equiseti were characterized with regard to production of trichothecenes and other secondary metabolites. Results following growth on laboratory media are interpreted with the aim of increasing the understanding of fungal metabolism in the field environment. While trichothecene production was detected for 94 of 102 F. culmorum isolates, only 8 of 57 F. equiseti isolates were positive. Profiles of secondary metabolites were compared by following growth on yeast extract sucrose agar (YES), potato sucrose agar (PSA), and an agar medium, prepared from soil organic matter (SOM), which was included to simulate growth conditions in soil. SOM supported the production of chrysogine by F. culmorum. The two species utilized the media differently. F. culmorumproduced zearalenone (ZEA) on YES, whereas some F. equiseti isolates produced ZEA on PSA. Other F. equiseti isolates produced equisetin. These differences may reflect that F. culmorum depends on a pathogenic life style while F. equiseti has a more saprotrophic mode of existence.
对禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium culmorum）和木贼镰刀菌（F. equiseti）在单端孢霉烯族毒素及其他次生代谢产物的产生方面进行了特性研究。对在实验室培养基上生长后的结果进行解读，目的是增进对田间环境中真菌代谢的理解。虽然在102株禾谷镰刀菌分离株中有94株检测到了单端孢霉烯族毒素的产生，但在57株木贼镰刀菌分离株中只有8株呈阳性。通过观察在酵母提取物蔗糖琼脂（YES）、马铃薯蔗糖琼脂（PSA）以及一种由土壤有机质（SOM）制备的琼脂培养基上的生长情况，对次生代谢产物谱进行了比较，加入SOM培养基是为了模拟土壤中的生长条件。SOM培养基支持禾谷镰刀菌产生金霉素。这两个物种对培养基的利用方式不同。禾谷镰刀菌在YES培养基上产生玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA），而一些木贼镰刀菌分离株在PSA培养基上产生ZEA。其他木贼镰刀菌分离株产生木贼菌素。这些差异可能反映出禾谷镰刀菌依赖致病性生活方式，而木贼镰刀菌具有更腐生的生存模式。
