Mölle Matthias, Marshall Lisa, Gais Steffen, Born Jan
Institute of Neuroendocrinology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
J Neurosci. 2002 Dec 15;22(24):10941-7. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-24-10941.2002.
Based on findings primarily in cats, the grouping of spindle activity and fast brain oscillations by slow oscillations during slow-wave sleep (SWS) has been proposed to represent an essential feature in the processing of memories during sleep. We examined whether a comparable grouping of spindle and fast activity coinciding with slow oscillations can be found in human SWS. For negative and positive half-waves of slow oscillations (dominant frequency, 0.7-0.8 Hz) identified during SWS in humans (n = 13), wave-triggered averages of root mean square (rms) activity in the theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), spindle (12-15 Hz), and beta (15-25 Hz) range were formed. Slow positive half-waves were linked to a pronounced and microV (23.4%; p < 0.001, with reference to baseline) at the midline central electrode (Cz). In contrast, spindle activity was suppressed during slow negative half-waves, on average by -0.65 +/- 0.06 microV at Cz (-22%; p < 0.001). An increase in spindle activity 400-500 msec after negative half-waves was more than twofold the increase during slow positive half-waves (p < 0.001). A similar although less pronounced dynamic was observed for beta activity, but not for alpha and theta frequencies. Discrete spindles identified during stages 2 and 3 of non-rapid eye movement (REM) sleep coincided with a discrete slow positive half-wave-like potential preceded by a pronounced negative half-wave (p < 0.01). These results provide the first evidence in humans of grouping of spindle and beta activity during slow oscillations. They support the concept that phases of cortical depolarization during slow oscillations, reflected by surface-positive (depth-negative) field potentials, drive the thalamocortical spindle activity. The drive is particularly strong during cortical depolarization, expressed as surface-positive field potentials.
基于主要在猫身上的研究发现，有人提出在慢波睡眠（SWS）期间，慢振荡对纺锤体活动和快速脑振荡进行分组，这代表了睡眠期间记忆处理的一个基本特征。我们研究了在人类慢波睡眠中是否能发现与慢振荡同时出现的类似的纺锤体和快速活动分组。对于在人类慢波睡眠期间（n = 13）识别出的慢振荡的负半波和正半波（主导频率为0.7 - 0.8 Hz），形成了在θ（4 - 8 Hz）、α（8 - 12 Hz）、纺锤体（12 - 15 Hz）和β（15 - 25 Hz）频段的均方根（rms）活动的波触发平均值。慢正半波与中线中央电极（Cz）处明显的微伏级（23.4%；p < 0.001，相对于基线）相关联。相比之下，在慢负半波期间纺锤体活动受到抑制，在Cz处平均降低 - 0.65 ± 0.06微伏（-22%；p < 0.001）。负半波后400 - 500毫秒时纺锤体活动的增加是慢正半波期间增加的两倍多（p < 0.001）。对于β活动观察到了类似但不太明显的动态变化，而α和θ频率则没有。在非快速眼动（REM）睡眠的第2和第3阶段识别出的离散纺锤体与一个离散的慢正半波样电位同时出现，该电位之前有一个明显的负半波（p < ）。这些结果首次在人类中提供了慢振荡期间纺锤体和β活动分组的证据。它们支持这样一种概念，即慢振荡期间皮层去极化阶段，由表面正向（深度负向）场电位反映，驱动丘脑皮层纺锤体活动。在皮层去极化期间，以表面正向场电位表示时，这种驱动尤其强烈。
