Corrêa Filho Heleno Rodrigues, Costa Luciana Scarlazzari, Hoehne Eduardo Luiz, Pérez Marco Antonio Gomes, Nascimento Lilian Cristine Ribeiro, de Moura Erly Catarina
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2002 Dec;36(6):693-701. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102002000700006.
To estimate the prevalence of occupational noise-induced hearing loss and arterial hypertension among city bus drivers.
A cross-sectional study was carried out on a probability random sample of 108 city bus drivers taken out of a total of 1,529 estimated professionals in the city of Campinas, Brazil, in 1991. Drivers were interviewed using questionnaires on job history, shift work and vacation schedules and underwent clinical and laboratory examinations including measures of blood pressure, pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and anthropometric data analysis after an informed consent was obtained.
The prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss was 32.7%. According to Merluzzi's classification, 91.2% (31 cases) were classified as first and second-degree losses and the most affected frequencies were 6 kHz in 61.3%, and 4 kHz in 38.7%. There were no differences in the laterality of the first affected ear. The prevalence of arterial hypertension was 13.2% (PAD > or =90 mmHg; PAS > or =140 mmHg).
The risk of noise-induced hearing loss was greater for drivers in job for more than 6 years, after controlling for age-related hearing loss. An odds ratio of 19.25 was found for those aged 45 or more (1.59<OR<386.75; p<0.01).
评估城市公交司机职业性噪声性听力损失和动脉高血压的患病率。
1991年在巴西坎皮纳斯市，从总计1529名估算的专业人员中，对108名城市公交司机进行概率随机抽样，开展了一项横断面研究。在获得知情同意后，使用关于工作经历、轮班工作和休假安排的问卷对司机进行访谈，并让他们接受临床和实验室检查，包括血压测量、纯音听力测定、言语听力测定以及人体测量数据分析。
噪声性听力损失的患病率为32.7%。根据梅尔卢齐分类法，91.2%（31例）被归类为一级和二级损失，受影响最严重的频率为6 kHz（61.3%）和4 kHz（38.7%）。首次受影响耳朵的左右侧没有差异。动脉高血压的患病率为13.2%（舒张压≥90 mmHg；收缩压≥140 mmHg）。
在控制年龄相关性听力损失后，工作6年以上的司机发生噪声性听力损失的风险更大。45岁及以上人群的优势比为19.25（1.59 <优势比< 386.75；p < 0.01）。
