Radziwiłłowicz Piotr, Szeliga Joanna
Katedry i I Kliniki Chorób Psychicznych AM w Gdańsku.
Psychiatr Pol. 2002 Sep-Oct;36(5):771-8.
This essay is a set of concepts concerning human nature with its intrinsic move towards happiness and positive balance of feelings. One of the methods of obtaining pleasure is the use of psychoactive substances. This infallible method becomes a trap. The aim of our work was to present the reader how significant the positive emotions and the ways of obtaining them in our every day life are. In our world of mind and knowledge we often depreciate the role of positive emotions. Suddenly, being embedded in crisis, we seek the easiest way to get the positive state back. This paper presents various models of addiction with the emphasis of the psychosocial model. Self-sustaining vicious circle mechanisms disintegrate slowly every single sphere of ones personality. The social functioning of the individual is also influenced by the addiction. The authors emphasize the disadvantageous influence of social and civilization changes on the decrease in the amount of positive emotions experienced by the individuals accompanied by the simultaneous increase in "academic intelligence" in developed societies. To describe that phenomenon the authors propose the concept of "civilization cross".
本文是一组关于人性的概念，人性内在地趋向于幸福和情感的积极平衡。获取愉悦的方法之一是使用精神活性物质。这种万无一失的方法却成了一个陷阱。我们工作的目的是向读者展示积极情绪以及在日常生活中获取积极情绪的方式有多么重要。在我们这个充满思想和知识的世界里，我们常常贬低积极情绪的作用。突然陷入危机时，我们会寻求恢复积极状态的最简单方法。本文介绍了各种成瘾模型，重点是社会心理模型。自我维持的恶性循环机制会慢慢地瓦解一个人性格的各个方面。成瘾也会影响个体的社会功能。作者强调社会和文明变革对发达社会中个体体验到的积极情绪数量减少的不利影响，与此同时，“学术智力”却在增加。为描述这一现象，作者提出了“文明交叉”的概念。
