Baggio Bruno
Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.
J Nephrol. 2002 Nov-Dec;15(6):601-4.
Epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidence suggests that fatty acids may have an effect (due to their chemical structure) on calcium metabolism in animals and man. Fatty acid deficiency in animals can lead to a loss of bone calcium and matrix, resulting in marked bone demineralization, and treatment with a mixture of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids can induce significant reduction in some biochemical markers of bone reabsorption. A relationship, between phospholipid fatty acid content, calcium-regulating hormones and intestinal, renal, and bone calcium metabolism alterations, has been reported in patients with renal stones and hypercalciuria. Recent studies have shown specific effects of fatty acids on the gene expression of some bone cytokines. Fatty acids might be involved in calcium metabolism influencing cellular calcium ion transport directly, as second messengers, or generating, through the cyclooxygenase pathway, potential biological mediators which have complex effects on bone remodeling. Experimental and clinical documentation of the specific and indirect effects of fatty acids on calcium and bone metabolism could open up new and interesting clinical prospects.
流行病学、临床及实验证据表明，脂肪酸（因其化学结构）可能会对动物和人类的钙代谢产生影响。动物体内脂肪酸缺乏会导致骨钙和基质流失，从而引起明显的骨质脱矿，而用ω-3和ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸混合物进行治疗可使一些骨重吸收的生化标志物显著降低。肾结石和高钙尿症患者中，已报道磷脂脂肪酸含量、钙调节激素与肠道、肾脏及骨钙代谢改变之间存在关联。最近的研究表明，脂肪酸对某些骨细胞因子的基因表达具有特定作用。脂肪酸可能通过直接影响细胞钙离子转运、作为第二信使或通过环氧化酶途径产生对骨重塑具有复杂作用的潜在生物介质来参与钙代谢。关于脂肪酸对钙和骨代谢的特定及间接作用的实验和临床文献可能会开辟新的、有趣的临床前景。
