Stuempfle Kristin J, Lehmann Donald R, Case H Samuel, Bailey Stephen, Hughes Sherri Lind, McKenzie Jennifer, Evans Deborah
Health and Exercise Sciences Department, Campus Box 432, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA.
Alaska Med. 2002 Jul-Sep;44(3):51-5.
We assessed the incidence and etiology of hyponatremia in the 100-mile (161 km) Iditasport ultramarathon. Subjects (8 cyclists, 8 runners) were weighed and serum sodium was measured pre- and post-race. Race diets were analyzed to determine fluid and sodium consumption. Subjects were split by post-race serum sodium concentration into hyponatremic and normonatremic groups for statistical analyses. Seven of 16 subjects (44%) were hyponatremic. The hyponatremic group exhibited a significant decrease in serum sodium concentration (137.0 to 132.9 mmol/L), and the normonatremic group experienced a significant decrease in weight (82.1 to 80.2 kg) pre- to post-race. The hyponatremic group drank more fluid per hour (0.5 versus 0.4 L/h) and consumed less sodium per hour (235 versus 298 mg/h) compared to the normonatremic group. In conclusion, hyponatremia is common in an ultraendurance race held in the extreme cold, and may be caused by excessive fluid consumption and/or inadequate sodium intake.
我们评估了100英里（161公里）的爱迪塔罗德超级马拉松比赛中低钠血症的发病率和病因。对受试者（8名自行车运动员、8名跑步运动员）在赛前和赛后进行了称重并测量了血清钠水平。分析了比赛饮食以确定液体和钠的摄入量。根据赛后血清钠浓度将受试者分为低钠血症组和血钠正常组进行统计分析。16名受试者中有7名（44%）出现低钠血症。低钠血症组血清钠浓度显著下降（从137.0降至132.9 mmol/L），而血钠正常组在赛前到赛后体重显著下降（从82.1降至80.2 kg）。与血钠正常组相比，低钠血症组每小时饮用更多液体（0.5升/小时对0.4升/小时）且每小时摄入更少的钠（235毫克/小时对298毫克/小时）。总之，在极端寒冷环境下举行的超耐力比赛中低钠血症很常见，可能是由于液体摄入过多和/或钠摄入不足所致。
