Holecková Beata, Holoda Emil, Fotta Marián, Kalinácova Viera, Gondol' Július, Grolmus Ján
Department of Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenskeho, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2002;9(2):179-82.
Gastroenteritis is one of the most frequent microbial diseases, which is caused by the ingestion of food contaminated with staphylococcal enterotoxins. In our study, the production of staphylococcal enterotoxins A, B (SEA, SEB) and the presence of respective staphylococcal enterotoxin genes were investigated in the field S. aureus isolates obtained from foods and food industry manufactures in East Slovakia. Radioimmunoassay (RIA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and dot-blot hybridisation were used for examination. The ability to synthesise enterotoxins was found in 20 (39.2%) of the total number of 51 isolates. Production of SEA was recorded in 3 (5.9%), production of SEB in 12 (23.5%) and production SEA together with SEB in 5 (9.8%) staphylococcal isolates. Nine (47.4%) sheep cheese isolates of the total number of 19 produced enterotoxins, especially SEB (36.8%). S. aureus isolates from pasta were enterotoxigenic in 6 cases (33.3%). The synthesis of enterotoxins was not detected in Bryndza cheese and sausages isolates. One enterotoxigenic isolate was obtained from smears of technological equipment and 4 isolates from throat and nasal swabs. No differences in results were recorded between RIA and PCR as well as PCR and dot-blot hybridisation. Our results suggest that it is of special importance to follow the presence of enterotoxigenic S. aureus strains in foodstuffs, especially for protecting the consumers from food poisoning.
肠胃炎是最常见的微生物疾病之一，它由摄入被葡萄球菌肠毒素污染的食物引起。在我们的研究中，对从斯洛伐克东部的食品和食品工业制造商处获得的金黄色葡萄球菌分离株进行了葡萄球菌肠毒素A、B（SEA、SEB）的产生以及相应葡萄球菌肠毒素基因存在情况的调查。采用放射免疫分析（RIA）、聚合酶链反应（PCR）和斑点杂交进行检测。在51株分离株中的20株（39.2%）中发现了合成肠毒素的能力。在3株（5.9%）中记录到SEA的产生，在12株（23.5%）中记录到SEB的产生，在5株（9.8%）葡萄球菌分离株中记录到SEA和SEB共同产生。19株绵羊奶酪分离株中有9株（47.4%）产生肠毒素，尤其是SEB（36.8%）。来自意大利面的金黄色葡萄球菌分离株中有6株（33.3%）产肠毒素。在布林德扎奶酪和香肠分离株中未检测到肠毒素的合成。从工艺设备涂片获得1株产肠毒素分离株，从咽喉和鼻拭子获得4株分离株。RIA与PCR以及PCR与斑点杂交之间的结果未记录到差异。我们的结果表明，关注食品中产肠毒素金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的存在具有特殊重要性，尤其是为了保护消费者免受食物中毒。
