Young Amber M, Allen Courtni E, Audus Kenneth L
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2003 Jan 21;55(1):125-32. doi: 10.1016/s0169-409x(02)00174-6.
The use of pharmaceuticals during pregnancy is often a necessity for the health of the mother. Until recently, the placenta was viewed as a passive organ through which molecules are passed indiscriminately between mother and fetus. In reality, the placenta contains a plethora of transporters, some of which appear to be specifically dedicated to removal of xenobiotics and toxic endogenous compounds. Drug efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), several multidrug resistant associated proteins (MRPs) and breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP) may provide mechanisms that protect the developing fetus. Bile acid transporters may also play a role in exporting compounds back into the maternal compartment. Steroid hormones directly influence the level of expression and function in some of these transporters. Investigating the link between the hormones of pregnancy and these drug efflux transporters is one possible key in developing strategies to deliver drugs to the mother with minimal fetal risk.
孕期使用药物往往是保障母亲健康所必需的。直到最近，胎盘还被视为一个被动器官，分子可在母亲和胎儿之间随意通过。实际上，胎盘含有大量转运蛋白，其中一些似乎专门用于清除外源性物质和有毒内源性化合物。药物外排转运蛋白，如P-糖蛋白（P-gp）、几种多药耐药相关蛋白（MRPs）和乳腺癌耐药蛋白（BCRP），可能提供保护发育中胎儿的机制。胆汁酸转运蛋白也可能在将化合物输出回母体方面发挥作用。类固醇激素直接影响其中一些转运蛋白的表达水平和功能。研究孕期激素与这些药物外排转运蛋白之间的联系，可能是制定将药物输送给母亲同时使胎儿风险最小化策略的一个关键。
