Harrow M, Quinlan D, Wallington S, Pickett L
J Pers Assess. 1976 Feb;40(1):31-41. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa4001_7.
To investigate primitive drive-dominated thinking in schizophrenic disorders and sociopathic behavior, responses on the Rorschach and other personality tests of 171 acute psychiatric patients were assessed using Holt's system. Results suggested that: (a) Acute schizophrenics were high on primitive drive content, but this was also characteristic of some nonschizophrenics, and other types of disturbed thinking were even more prominent in schizophrenics. (b) There were no significant differences between process and reactive schizophrenics in expression of primitive drive content. (c) Males showed more drive-dominated thinking than females (p less than .10), although sex was not a powerful variable. (d) Depressives showed less drived-dominated thinking than nondepressive (p less than .05). (e) Patients high on sociopathic or rule-breaking behavior tended to show more primitive drive-dominated thinking (p less than .01).
为了研究精神分裂症和反社会行为中以原始驱力为主导的思维，运用霍尔特系统对171名急性精神病患者在罗夏墨迹测验和其他人格测试中的反应进行了评估。结果表明：（a）急性精神分裂症患者的原始驱力内容得分较高，但这也是一些非精神分裂症患者的特征，并且其他类型的紊乱思维在精神分裂症患者中更为突出。（b）过程性精神分裂症患者和反应性精神分裂症患者在原始驱力内容的表达上没有显著差异。（c）男性比女性表现出更多以驱力为主导的思维（p小于0.10），尽管性别不是一个强有力的变量。（d）抑郁症患者比非抑郁症患者表现出更少的以驱力为主导的思维（p小于0.05）。（e）具有反社会或违规行为的患者往往表现出更多以原始驱力为主导的思维（p小于0.01）。
