Miller Margaret A, O'Bryan Melissa A
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, UMC Veterinary Medfical Diagnostic Laboratory, PO Box 6023, Columbia, MO 65205, USA.
Ultrastruct Pathol. 2003 Jan-Feb;27(1):13-21. doi: 10.1080/01913120309944.
Olfactory mucosa from C57BL/6N mice was examined by transmission electron microscopy at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after 400 mg 3-methylindole (3MI)/kg ip, and at 7, 14, and 21 days after 300 mg 3MI/kg or vehicle. Degeneration was evident in epithelial cells of Bowman's glands and olfactory sustentacular cells by 0.5 h, but not in neurons until 24 h, by which time necrosis was fully developed in sustentacular cells and epithelium of Bowman's glands. Sustentacular cells and neurons detached from the basal lamina by 48 h. Lamina proprial fibroblasts were hypertrophied by 72 h and, with collagen fibrils, formed the bulk of the mucosa at 7 days. By 21 days, fibroblasts were less conspicuous, but Bowman's glands were rarely observed and were lined by epithelial cells without secretory granules. Mucosal epithelium was reconstituted, but disorderly and lacked olfactory differentiation. Mice treated with 3MI were more likely than control mice to taste water treated with isoamyl acetate (odorant) and quinine monohydrochloride (aversive tastant). Though olfactory neurons were initially spared, their absence in the regenerated epithelium explains lingering olfactory deficits in murine 3MI toxicosis.
在腹腔注射400毫克3 - 甲基吲哚（3MI）/千克后0.5、1、2、4、6、24、48和72小时，以及在注射300毫克3MI/千克或赋形剂后7、14和21天，通过透射电子显微镜检查C57BL/6N小鼠的嗅黏膜。在0.5小时时，鲍曼腺的上皮细胞和嗅支持细胞中就明显出现退化，但直到24小时神经元才出现退化，此时支持细胞和鲍曼腺上皮细胞已完全坏死。到48小时时，支持细胞和神经元从基膜脱离。到72小时时，固有层成纤维细胞肥大，并与胶原纤维一起在7天时构成了黏膜的主体。到21天时，成纤维细胞不那么明显了，但很少观察到鲍曼腺，其被没有分泌颗粒的上皮细胞所覆盖。黏膜上皮得以重建，但排列紊乱且缺乏嗅觉分化。用3MI处理的小鼠比对照小鼠更有可能品尝用乙酸异戊酯（气味剂）和盐酸奎宁（厌恶味觉剂）处理过的水。虽然嗅觉神经元最初未受影响，但再生上皮中缺乏嗅觉神经元解释了小鼠3MI中毒后持续存在的嗅觉缺陷。
