Nazroo James Y
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, England.
Am J Public Health. 2003 Feb;93(2):277-84. doi: 10.2105/ajph.93.2.277.
Differences in health across ethnic groups have been documented in the United States and the United Kingdom. The extent to which socioeconomic inequalities underlie such differences remains contested, with many instead focusing on cultural or genetic explanations. In both the United States and the United Kingdom, data limitations have greatly hampered investigations of ethnic inequalities in health. Perhaps foremost of these is the inadequate measurement of ethnicity, but also important is the lack of good data on socioeconomic position, particularly data that address life-course issues. Other elements of social disadvantage, particularly experiences of racism, are also neglected. The author reviews existing evidence and presents new evidence to suggest that social and economic inequalities, underpinned by racism, are fundamental causes of ethnic inequalities in health.
在美国和英国，不同种族群体之间的健康差异已有记录。社会经济不平等在多大程度上是造成这些差异的原因仍存在争议，许多人反而将重点放在文化或基因解释上。在美国和英国，数据限制都极大地阻碍了对健康方面种族不平等的调查。其中最主要的可能是对种族的衡量不足，但社会经济地位缺乏良好数据也很重要，尤其是涉及生命历程问题的数据。其他社会劣势因素，特别是种族主义经历，也被忽视了。作者回顾了现有证据并提出新证据，表明以种族主义为支撑的社会和经济不平等是健康方面种族不平等的根本原因。
