Nattie E E, Bartlett D, Rozycki A A
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1975 Aug;112(2):259-66. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1975.112.2.259.
A disorder in the central nervous system control of breathing is thought to be responsible for the clinical syndrome of "primary" or central alveolar hypoventilation. Only 2 of the 7 reported cases in children have included any functional evaluation of this control system disorder. We report the case of a 2-year-old girl with central alveolar hypoventilation attributed to an abnormality in be central nervous system of unknown etiology. In evaluating her ventilatory control system, we used a method (whole body pleildren and small animals but has since received little clinical use. The findings included an irregular respiratory rhythm and a diminished ventilatory response to inhaled CO2, which suggested a functional abnormality of brainstem neurons responsible for rhythmic effective breathing and the CO2 response. A relatively normal change in breathing with sleep and exercise as well as qualitively normal peripheral chemoreceptor function suggested that these aspects of the control system were undisturbed. These findings are contrasted to those in other children; it is suggested that the syndrome of central alveolar hypoventilation may reflect a variety of functional abnormalities in the nervous system control of ventilation.
中枢神经系统对呼吸的控制紊乱被认为是导致“原发性”或中枢性肺泡低通气临床综合征的原因。在已报道的7例儿童病例中，只有2例对这种控制系统紊乱进行了任何功能评估。我们报告了一名2岁女孩的病例，其患有中枢性肺泡低通气，病因是中枢神经系统存在不明异常。在评估她的通气控制系统时，我们使用了一种方法（全身pleildren和小动物，但此后很少用于临床）。研究结果包括呼吸节律不规则和对吸入二氧化碳的通气反应减弱，这表明负责节律性有效呼吸和二氧化碳反应的脑干神经元存在功能异常。睡眠和运动时呼吸的相对正常变化以及外周化学感受器功能在质量上正常，表明控制系统的这些方面未受干扰。这些发现与其他儿童的发现形成对比；提示中枢性肺泡低通气综合征可能反映了神经系统对通气控制的多种功能异常。
