Monastra Vincent J, Monastra Donna M, George Susan
FPI Attention Disorders Clinic, 2102 E. Main Street, Endicott, New York 13760, USA.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2002 Dec;27(4):231-49. doi: 10.1023/a:1021018700609.
One hundred children, ages 6-19, who were diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), either inattentive or combined types, participated in a study examining the effects of Ritalin, EEG biofeedback, and parenting style on the primary symptoms of ADHD. All of the patients participated in a 1-year, multimodal, outpatient program that included Ritalin, parent counseling, and academic support at school (either a 504 Plan or an IEP). Fifty-one of the participants also received EEG biofeedback therapy. Posttreatment assessments were conducted both with and without stimulant therapy. Significant improvement was noted on the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA; L. M. Greenberg, 1996) and the Attention Deficit Disorders Evaluation Scale (ADDES; S. B. McCarney, 1995) when participants were tested while using Ritalin. However, only those who had received EEG biofeedback sustained these gains when tested without Ritalin. The results of a Quantitative Electroencephalographic Scanning Process (QEEG-Scan; V. J. Monastra et al., 1999) revealed significant reduction in cortical slowing only in patients who had received EEG biofeedback. Behavioral measures indicated that parenting style exerted a significant moderating effect on the expression of behavioral symptoms at home but not at school.
100名6至19岁被诊断患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）（无论是注意力不集中型还是混合型）的儿童参与了一项研究，该研究考察了利他林、脑电图生物反馈和养育方式对ADHD主要症状的影响。所有患者都参加了一个为期1年的多模式门诊项目，该项目包括利他林、家长咨询以及学校的学业支持（504计划或个别化教育计划）。51名参与者还接受了脑电图生物反馈治疗。在有和没有兴奋剂治疗的情况下都进行了治疗后评估。当参与者在使用利他林时接受测试，在注意力变量测试（TOVA；L.M.格林伯格，1996年）和注意力缺陷障碍评估量表（ADDES；S.B.麦卡尼，1995年）上都有显著改善。然而，只有那些接受了脑电图生物反馈治疗的人在不使用利他林测试时仍能保持这些改善。定量脑电图扫描过程（QEEG-Scan；V.J.莫纳斯特拉等人,1999年）的结果显示，只有接受了脑电图生物反馈治疗的患者皮质慢波有显著减少。行为测量表明，养育方式对家中行为症状的表现有显著的调节作用，但对学校中的行为症状表现没有调节作用。
